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12 protocols using hplc ms grade acetonitrile

1

Quantitative Analysis of Silymarin Compounds

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Silychristin and silydianin (≥ 98.0% purity) were purchased from ApexBio (Boston, MA, USA), silybin B, isosilybin A and isosilybin B (≥ 98.0% purity) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), silybin A (50:50 mixture of silybin A and B) and d4-daidzein (≥ 99.0% purity) were purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). HPLC-MS grade acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Ultrapure water was prepared using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, MA, USA). All other reagents and solvents were reagent grade or better and were purchased from VWR (Visalia, CA, USA).
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2

Analysis of Isoflavone Compounds in Dietary Supplements and Serum

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Genistein, daidzein, biochanin A, and formononetin (purity ≥ 98.0%) and internal standards d4-Genistein and d4-daidzein (≥ 99.0% purity) were purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Prunetin (≥ 98.0%) and β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase (7.1 Units/mL β-glucuronidase and 24 Units/mL arylsulfatase) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Irilone (≥ 99.0%) was provided by the UIC Botanical Center (Chicago, IL, USA). HPLC-MS grade acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Ultrapure water was prepared using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, MA, USA). All other reagents and solvents were reagent grade or better and were purchased from VWR (Visalia, CA). The new method was applied to the analysis of 5 commercial red clover dietary supplements purchased from on-line suppliers as well as to the analysis de-identified human serum samples obtained from our previous Phase I clinical trial of red clover safety and pharmacokinetics (1 (link)).
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3

Bacterial Species Culture Protocols

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HPLC-MS-grade acetonitrile, ammonium acetate, formic
acid, and acetic
acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA).
Eight bacterial species, Bacteroides adolescentis (BA, ATCC 15703), Bacteroides longum subsp (BL, ATCC 15707), Limosilactobacillus reuteri (LR, ATCC 23272), Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. (LD, ATCC 11842), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA, ATCC 4356), Lactobacillus fermentum (LF, ATCC 9338), Akkermansia muciniphila (AM, ATCC BAA-835), and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT, ATCC 29148), were purchased from American Type Culture Center
(ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).
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4

Creatinine Quantification Procedure

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Creatinine standard reference material (SRM) 914a with a purity of 99.7 ± 0.3% for preparation of calibrators was obtained from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (Gaithersburg, MD). Creatinine-methyl-D3 (D3-creatinine) with an isotopic purity of 98 atom % D from Sigma Aldrich (Bellefonte, PA) was used as an internal standard. HPLC-MS grade acetonitrile, water and methanol were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA). Formic acid (Fluka, LC-MS grade) was ordered from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).
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5

Polyphenol Standards and Isotope-Labeled Compounds

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Myricetin, 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl ethanol, homovanillic acid sulfate, equol, genistein, phloretin, kaempferol, enterolactone, hesperetin, isorhamnetin, protocatechuic acid, trans-resveratrol, roseoflavin, pyrogallol, isoferulic acid, urolithin A, phloroglucinol, (R)-γ-valerolactone and freight were purchased from Cayman company (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Other polyphenol standards were purified in-house through chromatographic methods with mass spectrometry/NMR confirmation. Authentic standards corresponding to the measured metabolites were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA) or IROA Technologies (Boston, MA, USA). The stable isotope-labeled amino acid mix (20 AA U-13C, 97–99%; U-15N, 97–99%) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA, USA). HPLC-MS-grade acetonitrile, ammonium acetate, and acetic acid were all purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA).
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6

Standardized Elderberry Extract Analysis

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Standardized organic elderberry (Sambucus nigra) was obtained from Artemis International, Inc. (Fort Wayne, IN, USA). The following chemicals were sourced from Fisher Scientific (FairLawn, NJ, USA): ethyl acetate, methanol, HPLC-MS grade acetonitrile, HPLC-MS grade water, and hydrochloric acid. Acetic acid and caffeic acid were sourced from Millipore Sigma (Darmstadt, Germany). Formic acid was purchased from EMD Millipore Corporation (Danvers, MA, USA).
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7

Fatty Acid and Phenolic Compound Profiling

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Short-chain and medium-chain fatty acid standards including formic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, hexanoic acid, isocaproic acid, and n-heptanoic acid were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Phenolic compound standards including protocatechuic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl ethanol, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, isoferulic acid, urolithin A, trans-resveratrol, equol, daidzein, homovanillic acid sulfate, genistein, naringenin, phloretin, kaempferol, epicatechin, catechin, enterolactone, quercetin, hesperetin, epigallocatechin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, chlorogenic acid, roseoflavin, phlorizin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin 3-D-galacoside, and rutin were purchased from Cayman company (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The stable isotope-labeled amino acid mix (20 AA U-13C, 97–99%; U-15N, 97–99%) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA, USA). HPLC-MS-grade acetonitrile, ammonium acetate, formic acid, and acetic acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA).
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8

Quantitative Analysis of Organic Compounds

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Free fatty acid standards including propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, 2-methyl-butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, hexanoic acid, and isocaproic acid were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Phenolic compound standards including protocatechuic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanol, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, isoferulic acid, urolithin A, trans-resveratrol, equol, daidzein, homovanillic acid sulfate, genistein, naringenin, phloretin, kaempferol, epicatechin, catechin, enterolactone, quercetin, hesperetin, epigallocatechin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, chlorogenic acid, roseoflavin, phlorizin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin 3-D-galacoside, and rutin,were purchased from Cayman company (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The stable isotope-labeled amino acid mix (20 AA U-13C, 97–99%; U-15N, 97–99%) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA, USA). HPLC-MS-grade acetonitrile, ammonium acetate, formic acid, and acetic acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA).
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9

Quantification of Hexacosanoyl Lysophosphatidylcholine

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Hexacosanoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (C26:0-LPC) and 2H4-hexacosanoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (2H4-C26:0-LPC) were from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Ammonium acetate, HPLC–MS grade methanol and HPLC–MS grade acetonitrile were from Fisher Scientific.
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10

Stable Isotope-Labeled Metabolite Analysis

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Stable-isotope labeled amino acids (NSK-A1), acyl-carnitines (NSK-B and NSK-B-G1), succinylacetone (CLM-6755) and orotic acid:H2O (1,3-15N2; NLM-1048) were from Cambridge Isotopes (Tewksbury, MA). HPLC-MS grade acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid were from J.T. Baker, Fisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA). Hydrazine hydrate was from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).
Quality control materials enriched with amino acids, acylcarnitines, and succinylacetone were from the CDC (Atlanta GA) and ClinChek RECIPE chemicals and instruments GmbH (Munich, Germany). Orotic acid (02750 Sigma Aldrich Israel, Rohovot, Israel) controls were prepared by serial dilution.
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