We measured HIV-1 RNA on all available plasma samples using the Roche AMPLICOR Monitor test kit version 1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA) or the Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan 48 test kit version 2.0 (Roche Molecular Systems Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA), both methods having a lower limit of detection of 20 copies/mL. We determined HIV-1 RNA in all available breast milk samples following the procedure described by Salazar-Gonzalez et al [24 (link)] with some modifications. In brief, breast milk samples were diluted 1:5 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and centrifuged at 17,000 g for 1 hour at 4°C. The upper lipid layer was then carefully removed and discarded. The cell pellet was resuspended in the supernatant. We used the Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan 48 test kit version 2.0 (Roche Molecular Systems Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA). The lower limit of detection was 100 copies/mL due to the dilution step.
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