Clindamycin

Manufactured by AppliChem

Sourced in Germany

Clindamycin is a laboratory equipment product designed for use in various scientific and research applications. It serves as a precise measurement and dispensing tool for liquids and semi-solids. The core function of Clindamycin is to facilitate accurate and controlled handling of substances in a laboratory setting.

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Lab products found in correlation

Mannitol salt agar, by Hardy Diagnostics (1 mentions) Dulbeco s modified eagle s medium dmem, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cation adjusted mueller hinton broth camhb, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tryptic soy broth tsb, by BD (1 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Mupirocin, by AppliChem (1 mentions) 96 well plate, by Celltreat (1 mentions) Chloramphenicol, by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Tigecycline, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Vancomycin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Meropenem, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Spectinomycin, by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Erythromycin, by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Amikacin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Linezolid, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Penicillin g, by AppliChem (1 mentions) Gentamicin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ampicillin, by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Streptomycin, by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Ciprofloxacin, by AppliChem (1 mentions)

3 protocols using clindamycin

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of S. aureus Isolates

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Clinical isolates of S. aureus were obtained through the Network of Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (NARSA) program (Table 1). clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate (TCI America, Portland, OR, USA, >98.0% purity) and mupirocin (pure USP) (AppliChem, St. Louis, MO, USA) powders were purchased commercially and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (for clindamycin) or ethanol (for mupirocin) to prepare a stock solution (10 μg/mL). Lipoderm was purchased from the Professional Compounding Centers of America (Houston, TX, USA). Cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), Tryptic soy broth (TSB) (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), mannitol salt agar (Hardy Diagnostics, Santa Maria, CA, USA), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), Dulbeco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), fetal bovine serum (FBS) (USA Scientific, Inc., Orlando, FL, USA), petroleum jelly (Equate [Walmart, Inc.], Bentonville, AR, USA), and 96-well plates (CellTreat Scientific Products, Shirley, MA, USA) were all purchased from commercial vendors.

Mohammad H., Cushman M, & Seleem M.N. (2015). Antibacterial Evaluation of Synthetic Thiazole Compounds In Vitro and In Vivo in a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Skin Infection Mouse Model. PLoS ONE, 10(11), e0142321.

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Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Protocol

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Antibiotic MICs were determined by the broth microdilution method according to the CLSI standard guidelines M07-A8, M100-S20, and M45-P (50 , 51 , 53 ). Meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin, linezolid, and tigecycline were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Germany). Vancomycin and tetracycline were obtained from Merck (Germany). Clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, and penicillin G were obtained from Applichem (Germany). Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, spectinomycin, streptomycin, and erythromycin were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH (Germany). MICs of the quality control strains S. aureus ATCC 29213 and E. coli ATCC 25922 were recorded on each day for all tested antibiotics and fell within the acceptable range prescribed by the CLSI.

Frenzel E., Kranzler M., Stark T.D., Hofmann T, & Ehling-Schulz M. (2015). The Endospore-Forming Pathogen Bacillus cereus Exploits a Small Colony Variant-Based Diversification Strategy in Response to Aminoglycoside Exposure. mBio, 6(6), e01172-15.

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Antibiotic Effects on GAS Virulence

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MICs of penicillin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, and clindamycin (Applichem GmbH, Germany) for all GAS strains tested were determined by broth microdilution method, according to the EUCAST recommendations [21] . To evaluate the effects of sub-MICs of the antibiotics on adherence, hydrophobicity, and biofilm biomass, the first step was overnight incubation of GAS strains in THY with an antibiotic in final concentrations corresponding to 1/2 and 1/4 of its MIC values. The bacterial suspensions for adherence, hydrophobicity, and biofilm testing were also prepared in THY medium with both sub-MICs of an antibiotic. Finally, adherence, hydrophobicity, and biofilm biomass of the GAS strains exposed to sub-MICs of antibiotics were quantified by performing the protocols described above.

Šmitran A., Vuković D., Opavski N., Gajić I., Marinković J., Božić L., Živanović I., Kekić D., Popović S, & Ranin L. (2018). Influence of subinhibitory antibiotic concentration on Streptococcus pyogenes adherence and biofilm production. Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica, 65(2).

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