Chloroform chcl3

Polylactic acid (PLA) (Ingeo^TM 4043D) with 94% L-lactide and 6% D-lactide was provided by Natureworks LLC (Minnetonka, MN, USA) (molecular weight (M_w) of 1.5 × 10⁵ g/mol and polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.81). The melt flow index and density of PLA are 6.0 g/10 min and 1.24 g/cm³, respectively. Activated charcoal was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Inc. (Lyon, France). Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) was supplied by Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd. (Loughboroug, UK). Tungsten (W) and silver (Ag) electrodes (diameter of 1 mm, 99.95% purity) were obtained from The Nilaco Corporation, Japan. Chloroform (CHCl₃) and hexane (C₆H₈) were analytical-grade and bought from RCI Labscan Co., Ltd. (Bangkok, Thailand). Palm oil was provided by Oleen Co., Ltd. (Samutsakhon, Thailand). Escherichia coli strain TISTR 527 and Stapphylococcus aureus strain TISTR 2329 were supplied by the Microbiological Resource Center, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR). Bacteriological-grade beef extract, peptone and agar powder were purchased from HiMedia Laboratory Co., Ltd. (Maharashtra, India).

3-hexathiophene (3HT, 98.0% purity, TCI) was the starting monomer. Ferric chloride (FeCl₃; 97% purity, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was the oxidant used. Chloroform (CHCl₃; AR grade, RCI Labscan, Bangkok, Thailand) was the solvent. Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA; 98% purity, Sigma Aldrich), p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA; 98.5% purity, Sigma Aldrich), sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (AOT; 96% purity, Sigma Aldrich), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; 98% purity, Sigma Aldrich) were the surfactants. Methanol (99.8%), toluene (99.5%), and hexane (99.8%) were obtained from RCI Labscan. For the de-doping and doping processes, ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH; 30% v/v, Panreac, Barcelona, Spain) was used to de-dope the P3HT_DBSA powder, whereas perchloric acid (HClO₄; 70% v/v, Panreac) was the dopant. All reagents were of analytical reagent grades and were used without modification.