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5 protocols using l8271

1

Muscle Fiber Analysis via Immunofluorescence

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Experimental methods and CSA analysis were based on previous studies42 (link)–44 (link). The GAS and TA muscles were cut into 10-μm-thick frozen sections using a cryostat (CM-502, Sakura Finetech). Samples were blocked with 5% goat serum (PCN5000, Thermo Fisher Scientific Japan, Tokyo, Japan) for 1 h, incubated with a primary anti-laminin antibody (L8271, 1:1000, Sigma Aldrich Japan, Tokyo, Japan) for 2 h. After incubation, the cells were washed with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (5 min × 3 times) and incubated with Alexa fluor 488 conjugated secondary antibody (1:2000, A-11008, Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA) for 2 h at room temperature. Images were captured using a confocal laser microscope (FV-3000; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and quantified using MyoVision (University of Kentucky). Twelve images were acquired from four sections per muscle for analysis using approximately 4500 to 8000 fibers per group.
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2

Laminin-based Muscle Fiber Imaging

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The experimental methods and CSA analysis were modified from those in previous studies38 (link)–40 (link). GAS and TA muscle bellies were cut into 10-μm-thick frozen sections using a cryostat (CM-502, Sakura Finetech Japan).
Samples were blocked with 5% goat serum (PCN5000, Thermo Fisher Scientific Japan, Tokyo, Japan) for 1 h and incubated with primary anti-laminin antibody (L8271, 1:1000, Sigma Aldrich Japan, Tokyo, Japan) for 2 h. The primary antibody was diluted with a blocking reagent at room temperature. After incubation, the samples were washed with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (5 min × 3 times) and incubated with Alexa fluor 488 conjugated secondary antibody (1:2000, A-11008, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at room temperature for 2 h. After incubation, samples were washed with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (5 min × 3 times) and mounted with fluorescence anti-fading reagent (12593-64, Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan). Images were captured using a confocal laser microscope (FV-3000; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and quantified using MyoVision (University of Kentucky, Kentucky, USA). Twelve images were acquired from four sections per muscle for analysis using approximately 4500 to 8000 fibers per group.
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Protein Expression Analysis via Immunoblotting

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One drop of each sample of soluble protein was placed in a nitrocellulose membrane. After drying, membranes were incubated for 1 h with 5% BSA, with agitation, at room temperature. Subsequently, membranes were incubated with primary antibody:mouse antiCollagen type I 1:1000 (#ab90395, abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit antiCollagen type IV, 1:500 (#ab6311, abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit antifibronectin 1:500 (#ab45688, abcam, Cambridge, UK); and mouse antilaminin, 1:500 (#L8271, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). After overnight incubation, membranes were washed 3× for 5 min with Tris Buffered Saline (TBS) with Tween 20 and then the R.T.U. VECTASTAIN® Universal ABC Elite® Kit (#PK-7200, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA) was used as a secondary antibody, in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. Finally, incubation was revealed using a Peroxidase Substrate Kit (DAB) (#SK-4100, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA). Extraction buffer without samples was used as a negative control. Collagen type I (#sc-136157, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), Collagen type IV (#C5533, Sigma-Aldrich), fibronectin (#FC010, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and laminin (#L6274, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were used as positive controls. At least three independent samples were used in each condition.
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Immunolocalization of Extracellular Matrix Proteins

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Immunolocalization of different proteins, such as collagen type I, collagen type IV, fibronectin and laminin, was performed in paraffin-embedded samples sectioned at 5 μm, as previously described for collagen type II [30 (link)]. Briefly, samples were incubated with mouse anticollagen type I 1:100 (#ab90395, abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit anticollagen type IV, 1:50 (#ab6311, abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit antifibronectin 1:300 (#ab45688, abcam, Cambridge, UK); and mouse antilaminin, 1:300 (#L8271, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), overnight at 4 °C in a humidified atmosphere. As a secondary antibody, the R.T.U. VECTASTAIN® Universal ABC Elite® Kit (#PK-7200, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA) was used, in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. Incubation was revealed using a Peroxidase Substrate Kit (DAB) (#SK-4100, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA). Samples were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted in an aqueous mounting medium. Slides were observed in an optical microscope with a coupled camera (DM750, Leica, Wetzlar, DE, Germany). At least three independent samples were used in each condition.
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5

Microscopic Evaluation of Nerve Scaffold Constructs

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The two obtained kinds of ANXs (CD NG, CD + scCO2 NG) were embedded in OCT embedding glue (SAKURA, Japan), and then frozen sections with a thickness of 6 μm were made using a freezing microtome (CM1900, Leica, USA) on the cross-section of the nerve. At the same time, natural porcine sciatic nerve (Natural SN) was selected as a control. After putting in PBS and degumming, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed according to the kit instructions (G1120, Solarbio, China). The tissue on the section was blocked in 10% goat serum (SL038, Solarbio, China) for 30 min. Laminin antibody (1:1000, L8271, Sigma–Aldrich, USA) from mice was used as the primary antibody to cover the nerve tissue and incubated overnight in the dark at 4 °C. The excess primary antibody was washed off with PBS and then incubated for 2 h with goat anti-mouse IgG H&L secondary antibody (Alexa Fluor 594, 1:200, ab150116, Abcam, USA) in the dark at 37 °C. The excess secondary antibody was washed off with PBS, and sections were incubated with DAPI (1:100, 62248, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) staining solution for 5 min in the dark, washed with PBS and mounted with aqueous mount (P10144, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Finally, a microscope equipped with a DP71 camera (BX51, Olympus, Japan) was used to image the stained sections obtained in the above experiment.
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