PF (purity > 98%) was purchased from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). For cell culture, fetal bovine serum (FBS), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), and penicillin/streptomycin were obtained from Welgene (Daegu, Korea). Griess reagent, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were supplied by Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer, 30% acrylamide bis solution, and pre-stained protein size markers were obtained from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA, USA). Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane was obtained from Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). Prior to use, PF was freshly prepared as a stock solution in DMSO.
Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium dmem
Manufactured by Welgene
Sourced in United States, Cameroon, Germany, Canada
Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) is a widely used cell culture medium that provides essential nutrients and growth factors for the maintenance and proliferation of various cell types. It is a balanced salt solution that supports the growth and survival of cells in vitro.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Welgene (36 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (22 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by Welgene (17 mentions)
3 4 5 dimethylthiazol 2 yl 2 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide mtt, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Welgene (9 mentions)
Dexamethasone (dex), by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (8 mentions)
β actin, by Cell Signaling Technology (7 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Rpmi 1640, by Welgene (6 mentions)
Streptomycin, by Welgene (6 mentions)
Bca protein assay kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Insulin, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin p s, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions)
Trypsin edta, by Welgene (5 mentions)
Penicillin, by Welgene (5 mentions)
β actin, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (5 mentions)
Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions)
3 isobutyl 1 methylxanthine, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Junsei (4 mentions)
108 protocols using dulbecco s modified eagle s medium dmem
1
Purity Verification and Cell Culture Protocol
2
Melanoma Cell Proliferation Assay
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The B16F10 mouse melanoma cells (ATCC CRL-6475) were collected from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) was bought from WELGENE Inc. (Gyeongsan-si, South Korea). Arbutin, α-MSH, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin-streptomycin, and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from GenDEPOT Inc. (Barker, TX, USA). The CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay Kit was collected from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). The BCA Protein Assay Kit, Enhanced Chemiluminescence (ECL) Detection Kit, and NE-PER nuclear and cytoplasmic extraction reagents were from Thermo Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA). Thee cAMP Assay Kit was purchased from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN, USA).
3
Delipidation and Cell Viability Assays
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Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and antibiotic antimycotic solution (100X) were purchased from Welgene Inc. (Republic of Korea). Delipidated serum (DLPS) was prepared from fetal bovine serum (FBS; Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) as described previously [19 (link), 20 (link)]. Isopropanol and chloroform were obtained from EMD Millipore (USA). Cycloheximide (CHX), bafilomycin A1 (BA1), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and MG132 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Duchefa Biochemie (Netherlands).
4
3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation Protocol
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We purchased 3T3‐L1 cells from the American Type Culture Collection. Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from WelGENE. Anacardic acid, insulin, 3‐isobutyl‐1‐methylxanthine (IBMX), and dexamethasone were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Anti‐FAS and PPAR‐γ antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, and anti‐β‐actin was purchased from Bethyl Laboratories.
5
Fabrication of hASCs Aggregates
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hASCs were purchased from Lonza (Switzerland) and cultured in low-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; Welgene, South Korea) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Biowest, France) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco, USA). The medium was changed every two days. To compare the fabricated cell aggregates (experimental group), conventional hASCs spheroids (control group) were fabricated via the hanging drop method 6 (link). Briefly, 1 × 105 hASCs suspended in 20 µL of medium were dropped onto the inside of the lid of a cell culture plate (SPL, South Korea). The lid of the plate was then gently inverted over a cell culture dish filled with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and cultured for three days to generate cell spheroids.
6
Stable Cell Line Generation with Retroviral Vectors
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pBABE-HAII-puro retroviral vectors containing each WT or mutant construct were separately cotransfected with packaging (G.P) and envelope (pDM.G) vectors into Phoenix retrovirus-producing cells. Retroviruses were harvested from the supernatant at 24 h postransfection. Polybrene was added to enhance the infection efficiency. HCT-116, HT-29 (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), or SNU-407 (Korean Cell Bank, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea) cells were infected with the retrovirus and selected in 2 μg/ml puromycin for 2 days. Established stable cell lines were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (Welgene Inc., Daegu, Korea) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (GenDEPOT Inc., Barker, TX, USA) at 37°C in 5% CO2.
7
Biochemical Assays for Cellular Cytotoxicity Analysis
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Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2″,7″-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Tris was purchased from Duchefa Biochemie (BH Haarlem, The Netherlands), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) from Junsei Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and penicillin-streptomycin (P/S) were purchased from Gibco (Los Angeles, CA, USA). Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) was purchased from Welgene Inc. (Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea). BCA reagent and albumin standard were from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Primary Bcl-2 antibody was purchased from Oncogene (Bracknell, England). Bax and PAPR antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA, USA) and cytochrome c, caspase-9, and β-actin antibodies from Santa Cruz (Paso Robles, CA, USA). Caspase-3 antibody was obtained from EMD Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). Secondary antibodies goat anti-rabbit IgG, pAb, goat anti-mouse IgG, pAb, and caspase-3 activity assay kit were obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA). West-Q chemiluminescent substrate was purchased from GenDEPOT (Katy, TX, USA). The solvents used were of HPLC grade, unless stated otherwise.
8
Formulation and Characterization of Photosensitizer-Loaded Nanoparticles
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Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), methylene blue (MB), and chloroform were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Palmitic acid (PA) and stearic acid (SA) were supplied by SAMCHUN (Pyeongtaek, Korea). Glycerol monostearate (GMS) was obtained from Kanto Chemical Co, Japan. Inc. (Tokyo, Japan), and Poloxamers (PX) 188 and PX 407 were procured from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Tween 80 (TW 80) was purchased from Dae Jung Co., Ltd. (Busan, Korea) and chlorophyll-a paste from Shandong Lanmo Biotech Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Methylene chloride (CH2Cl2, MC) and DPBF were supplied by Duksan Co. Ltd. (Gyeonggi-do, Korea) and TCI Chemicals (Tokyo, Japan), respectively. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) was provided by WelGENE (Gyeongsan, South Korea), and penicillin–streptomycin solution (100 ×) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from BioWest (Nuaillé, France). The cancer cell lines (HeLa and A549) were obtained from the Korea Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea), and the Quanti-MAX WST-8 assay kit from Biomax (Seoul, Republic of Korea). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade methanol (MeOH) was purchased from Honeywell (Seelze, Germany). All other chemicals used were of HPLC grade.
9
Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
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Gold(III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) was purchased from Welgene (Gyeongsan-si, South Korea). In addition, deionized (DI) water was used for the green synthesis of AuNPs.
10
Powdered Kamut Sprout Bioactivity Analysis
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Powdered kamut sprout product, used as a raw material, was purchased from Jusung Co. Ltd., Korea. The yeast malt (YM, Lot. 8282839) and Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS, Lot. 2298709) media that was used for the fermentation were obtained from DIFCO. Food-grade ethanol was used for extraction. The reagents for the β-glucan analysis were obtained by purchasing a β-glucan assay kit (K-YBGL) from Megazyme. Potassium hydroxide and sodium acetate were purchased from DUKSAN, Korea. Folin & Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent (FCR) and gallic acid for the total polyphenol analysis were acquired from Merck, Korea. Sodium carbonate was obtained from Daejung chemicals, Korea. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and L-ascorbic acid for anti-oxidant efficacy testing were purchased from Merck, Korea. FBS, RPMI-1640 media, as well as Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) were purchased from Welgene, Korea, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), dexamethasone (DEX), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Merck, Korea. All of the reagents utilized in this research were of extra-pure (analytical) grade.
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