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13 protocols using b6 mrl faslpr j

1

Generation and Maintenance of Genetically Modified Mice

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Elektra mice were previously generated as described in Berger et al. [27 (link)] Animals were maintained in a specific pathogen-free environment. The p53ERTAMmice were generously donated by Professor Gerard Evan. C57BL/6J (wild-type), B6.Cg-Tg(BCL2)25Wehi/J, B6.MRL-Faslpr/J, B6.129S7-Rag1tm1Mom/J (Rag1−/−) and C57BL/6.SJL (PtprcaPep3b; Ly5.1) (CD45.1) mice were from The Jackson Laboratory.
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2

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Regulatory T Cells

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Mouse anti-human CD4 (clone RPA-T4), mouse anti-human CD25 (clone M-A251), mouse anti-human Foxp3 (clone 259D/C7), rat anti-mouse CD4 (clone GK1.5), rat anti-mouse CD25 (clone 3C7), rat anti-mouse foxp3 (clone MF23), and isotype control antibodies including C1.18 were purchased from BD Biosciences (Pharmingen, San Diego, CA). Mouse FasL was analyzed in bronchoalveolar fluid using a standardized ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN). Six to eight week old C57Bl/6 (H-2kb), Fas mutant B6.MRL-Faslpr/J, and B6.129 (Cg)-Foxp3tm3(DTR/GFP)Ayr (Foxp3-DTR) mice were obtained (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME). All animal studies were performed with sterile precautions and approved by the institutional animal studies committee.
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3

Atherosclerosis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mouse Model

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All animal experiments followed the NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and were performed in accordance with guidelines of the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University. ApoE−/− mice (B6.129P2-Apoetm1Unc/J) and Fas−/− mice (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J) were purchased from Jackson Laboratory. The genetic background-matched wild-type C57BL/6 J (B6) mice were got from the Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University. The mice were housed in a pathogen-free environment with a 12 h day/night cycle. To generate mouse model with combination of atherosclerosis and SLE, the ApoE−/− mice were cross-bred with Fas−/− mice, and the resulting heterozygous mice were backcrossed to ApoE−/− mice. Then the resulting ApoE−/− Fas± mice were intercrossed to produce ApoE−/− Fas−/− (AF) mice. Genotyping of wild-type and mutant alleles of apoE and lpr were confirmed by PCR (Additional file 1: Fig. S1). Only female mice were used in the present study. At 20 weeks of age, ApoE−/− Fas−/− mice were fed a high-fat-containing diet (D12109C, Purchased from Changzhou SYSE Bio-Tec.Co.Ltd. China) for 12 weeks. In cases when anesthesia was required, the mice were anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection with an overdose of pentobarbital sodium (200 mg/kg).
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4

Comparison of Mouse Strains for Research

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C57BL/6J, B6Smn.C3-Faslgld/J, B6.MRL-Faslpr/J, BALB/cJ, and NU/J mice were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. All mice used were female, aged 8–10 weeks. All of the experimental protocols were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Pennsylvania.
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5

Fas-Induced Murine Autoimmunity Study

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Male B6.MRL-Faslpr/J, MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J and C57BL/6J (wild-type mice) mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine, USA). The mice were bred by strain to obtain littermates in the Universidad Veracruzana animal facility according to national regulations (NOM-062-ZOO-1999). Moreover, mice were maintained with cardboard tube for environmental enrichment. Five-month-old B6.MRL-Faslpr/J and C57BL/6J mice were used for experiments. In some cases, we used twelve-week-old MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J mice. The mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the Health Sciences Institute (Registration number: 2017–0011).
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6

Mouse Models for Immune Dysregulation

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Rag−/− (B6.129S7-Rag1tm1Mom/J), Bim−/− (B6.129-Bcl21ll tm1.1Ast /J), and LPR (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J) were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine USA). Bcl-xL Tg; Lck-p-Bcl-xL Tg (B6.Cg-Tg(LCKprBCL2L1)12Sjk/J) mice (36 (link)) were a gift from Dr. Jeff Rathmell (Vanderbilt University). LPRcg (MRL/MpJ-Faslprcg/Faslprcg) mice were a gift from Dr. Marcus Peter (Northwestern University), and backcrossed to C57BL/6 for 10 generations. FoxP3gfp reporter mice (B6.Cg-Foxp3tm2Tch/J) were obtained from the Jackson Laboratories, and crossed to LPRcg strain. All mice were bred and housed in specific pathogen-free facilities maintained by the University of Chicago Animal Resource Center. Studies described conform to the principles set forth by the Animal Welfare Act and the National Institutes of Health guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals in biomedical research.
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7

Lupus Progression in Mouse Models

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C57BL/6J (B6), NZB/W F1, B6.MRL-Faslpr/J (B6.lpr) and BXSB.Yaa mice were originally obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. B6.NZM-Sle1NZM2410/AegSle2NZM2410/AegSle3NZM2410/Aeg/LmoJ (TC) congenic mice have been previously described19 (link). All mice were bred and maintained at the University of Florida and Jackson Laboratories (BXSB.Yaa) in specific pathogen-free conditions. For in vivo metabolic inhibitor treatments, 2DG (Sigma, 6 mg/ml) or metformin (Sigma, 3 mg/ml) were dissolved in drinking water, and mice received 2DG alone or the combination of the two drugs for the duration indicated for each study. Age-matched control mice receiving plain drinking water were used as controls. DON (1.6 mg/kg) was administered intra-peritoneally every other day for a maximum of 2 weeks. For spontaneous GC formation, lupus-prone mice were first screened for serum anti-dsDNA IgG levels between 5 and 6 months of age. Anti-dsDNA IgG-positive mice (i.e., >+2 SD than the average for age-matched B6 controls) were assigned to treated or control groups to distribute equally the autoantibody levels. Only female mice at the age indicated for each experiment were used in this study under protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees of the University of Florida and the Jackson Laboratory.
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8

Generating CD47-/-Faslpr Mice

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Faslpr (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J) and CD47−/− (B6.129S7-Cd47tm1Fpl/J) mice and genetic background-matched wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J animals were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory and housed in a pathogen-free facility with free access to autoclaved water and food. To generate CD47−/−Faslpr mice, Faslpr mice were cross-bred with CD47−/− mice, and the resulting heterozygous mice were further crossed to produce homozygous animals. PCR was performed to determine Faslpr (primers dGTAAATAATTGTGCTTCGTCAG, dTAGAAAGGTGCACGGGTGTG and dCAAATCTAGGCATTAACAGTG) and CD47−/− (dCTTGGGTGGAGAGGCTATTC, dAGGTGAGATGACAGGAGATC, dCACGTTTCAAAACAGGCAAA dCAAGCATAAATGAACAGTTGCAG) genotypes.
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9

Lupus-Prone Mouse Strains Protocol

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Genetically lupus-prone MRL-lpr (MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J, Stock Number 000485), B6-lpr (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J, Stock Number 000482), B6.sle123 (B6.NZMSle1/Sle2/Sle3, stock #007228), and control MRL (MRL/MpJ, Stock Number 000486), B6 (C57BL/6j, stock# 000664) breeders were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory, ME, USA and bred in house. For MRL, MRL-lpr, and B6.sle123 strains, only female mice were used. For B6 and B6-lpr stains, both male and female mice were used in this study. All mice were housed in our Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC)-certified animal facility at the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech. Mice were fed with a commercial 7013 NIH- 31 Modified 6% Mouse/Rat Sterilizable Diet (Harlan Laboratory, Madison, WI, USA) and gave water ad libitum. The mice at designated age were euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation, and spleen tissues were collected for cell preparation and experimental assays. All the experiments were performed in vitro with the cells prepared from the mice. The age and number of animals used for each experiment were given in the corresponding figure legend.
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10

Genetically Modified Mice for Immunology Research

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Male and female BALB/c mice, wild-type ones, and mutants lacking either IL-4 (IL-4 KO; Jackson Laboratory online reference http://jaxmice.jax.org/strain/002496.html) functional genes or an enhancer element in the promoter region of gene coding for the GATA-1 transcription factor [26 (link)], required for eosinophil-lineage determination (GATA-1 dbl KO or GATA-1 for short; Jackson Laboratory online reference http://jaxmice.jax.org/strain/005653.html), and C57BL/6 mice, wild-type ones, and mutants lacking iNOS [33 (link), Jackson reference #002596] functional genes were bred at CECAL-FIOCRUZ (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and used at 6–8 weeks of age. Animal housing and handling followed procedures approved by the Institutional Committee on Ethical Handling of Laboratory Animals (Licenses CEUA #L002-09; CEUA-CCS-UFRJ #181-13). Mutant mice lacking functional IL17RA [39 (link)] or CD95 genes (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J; Jackson Laboratory online reference http://jaxmice.jax.org/strain/000482.html), bred at the Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil, along with the respective wild-type controls, were also used as approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (CEUA-CCS-UFRJ #181-13).
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