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Cyanuric chloride

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

Cyanuric chloride is a chemical compound with the formula C3N3Cl3. It is a colorless crystalline solid that is widely used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various chemical products. The core function of cyanuric chloride is to serve as a versatile building block for the production of a variety of other chemicals and materials.

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28 protocols using cyanuric chloride

1

Synthesis of Eu3+/DTBTA Luminescent Probe

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Eu3+/ATBTA (1.2 mg, 1.4 µmol) was dissolved in ice-cold 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 5; 60 µL). To this solution was added cyanuric chloride (0.70 mg, 3.8 µmol; Aldrich) in ice-cold acetone (25 µL). After the reaction mixture was incubated at 10 °C for 120 minutes, acetone (1 mL) was added dropwise. The resulting precipitate was pelleted by centrifugation at 17,000 g for 1 minute, washed with acetone (2 × 0.5 mL), and dried in vacuo to obtain Eu3+/DTBTA as a yellow powder (80–90% yield). The full conversion of Eu3+/ATBTA to Eu3+/DTBTA was confirmed by LC/MS analysis. HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M − H] calculated for C40H30O8N9Cl2Eu, 986.0734; observed, 986.0714. The Eu3+/DTBTA was then stored as a 1.5 mM aqueous solution at −20 °C.
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2

Synthesis of Eu3+/DTBTA Luminescent Probe

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Eu3+/ATBTA (1.2 mg, 1.4 µmol) was dissolved in ice-cold 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 5; 60 µL). To this solution was added cyanuric chloride (0.70 mg, 3.8 µmol; Aldrich) in ice-cold acetone (25 µL). After the reaction mixture was incubated at 10 °C for 120 minutes, acetone (1 mL) was added dropwise. The resulting precipitate was pelleted by centrifugation at 17,000 g for 1 minute, washed with acetone (2 × 0.5 mL), and dried in vacuo to obtain Eu3+/DTBTA as a yellow powder (80–90% yield). The full conversion of Eu3+/ATBTA to Eu3+/DTBTA was confirmed by LC/MS analysis. HRMS-ESI (m/z): [M − H] calculated for C40H30O8N9Cl2Eu, 986.0734; observed, 986.0714. The Eu3+/DTBTA was then stored as a 1.5 mM aqueous solution at −20 °C.
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of MPEG-Conjugates

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Dopamine hydrochloride (puriss, > 98.5%), COMU (97%), anhydrous trimethylamine (Et3N, 99%), anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sodium carbonate (>99.5%), lithium bromide (>99%), sodium phosphate monobasic (>99%), chloroacetic acid (>99%), methoxypolyethylene glycol activated with cyanuric chloride (average Mw 5000 g/mol), sodium periodate (>99.8%), sodium molybdate (98%), sodium nitrite (>97%), deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 (d-DMSO, 99.96%), and deuterium oxide (D2O, 99.99%) were obtained from Aldrich Chemical (St. Louis, MO). Hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and regenerated cellulose dialysis membranes (MWCO 3500, 6000–8000, or 12 000–14 000 g/mol) were purchased from Fisher Scientific. Deionized water (DI) at 18 MOhm was obtained from an in-house purification system.
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4

Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds

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Cyanuric chloride (99%), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (98%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (99%), cyclohexanone (99.8%), 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (98%), potassium hydroxide (KOH) (≥ 85%), sodium sulfide (Na2S) (≥ 98%), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) (99%), methyl red (MR) (≥ 99%), chlorhydric acid (HCl) (37%), acetone (99%), ethanol (99%), ethyl acetate (99.5%), n-hexane (99%), methanol (99%), n-butanol (99.5%), o-dichlorobenzene (≥ 99%), acetic acid (100%), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (≥ 99.8%), dichloromethane (≥ 99.5%), and tetrahydrofuran (THF) (≥ 99.8%) were prepared from Aldrich and Merck companies and used without further purification.
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5

Synthesis of Piperazine-Containing Compounds

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Phosphoryl trichloride, vinyl magnesium bromide (1M in THF), dry THF, 1,6-dibromohexane, 1,10-dibromodecane, 1,3-di(piperidin-4-yl)propane, piperazine, piperidine, tert-butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate (1), cyanuric chloride (6), Acid blue 90, Acid blue 80 and Fluorescein were obtained from Aldrich and used as received unless otherwise stated. The compounds trivinylphosphine oxide (TVPO), 46 1,6-di(piperazin-1-yl)hexane (3), 47 1,10-di(piperazin-1-yl)decane (5) 47 were synthesized via modified procedures (SI section S2) and 2,4,6-tri(piperazin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (8) 48 was synthesized using procedure as described in the literature.
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6

Synthesis of CPCP Dichlorotriazine

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Example 14

To the solution of Compound 11 (100 mg) in DMF (10 ml) is added 0.1 ml DMF solution of cyanuric chloride (1 mg, Sigma) and 10 μl triethylamine. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, and concentrated under high vacuum to remove DMF. The residue is washed with ethyl acetate for multiple times until most of the unreacted cyanuric chloride is removed. The residue is quickly dissolved in cold water (pH=6), and extracted with ethyl acetate for three times. The aqueous solution is frozen and dried to give the desired CPCP dichlorotriazine.

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7

Synthesis and Characterization of Multifunctional Catalysts

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Silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99%), iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O, 97%), iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2.4H2O, 99%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 96%), melamine (C3H6N6, 99%), ammonium hydroxide solution (NH4OH, 25%), cyanuric chloride (2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine, C3Cl3N3, TCT, 99%), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, (CH3)2C(CN)N = NC(CH3)2CN, 98%), rhodamine B (C28H31ClN2O3, 95%), methyl orange (C14H14N3NaO3S, 85%), and allylamine (CH2 = CHCH2NH2, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The detail of the used instruments for the characterization of the catalyst is reported in SI.
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8

Synthesis of Asymmetric PFO Polymer

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Example 21

To the solution of Compound 16 (100 mg) in DMF (10 ml) was added 0.1 ml DMF solution of cyanuric chloride (1 mg, Sigma) and 10 μl triethylamine. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, and concentrated under high vacuum to remove DMF. The residue was washed with ethyl acetate for multiple times until most of the unreacted cyanuric chloride was removed. The residue was quickly dissolved in cold water (pH=6), and extracted with ethyl acetate for three times. The aqueous solution was frozen and dried to give the desired asymmetric PFO polymer dichlorotriazine.

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9

Synthesis of RNA Oligonucleotides and Gold Nanoparticles

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RNA phosphoramidites for the oligoribonucleotide synthesis were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Hamburg, Germany), Cy-5.5 phosphoramidite were purchased from Primetech (Minsk, Belarus). Oleylamine, dodecylamine and stearic acid were supplied from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). Dithiothreitol (DTT), cyanuric chloride, diethanolamine, and sodium citrate dihydrate (Na3C6H5O7) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Hamburg, Germany). N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were purchased from Fluka (Seelze, Deutschland). Tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4·3H2O) was from Aurat (Moscow, Russia). Uranyl acetate (UA) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA) were purchased from SPI (West Chester, PA, USA). Peptide NH2-(RL)4G-C(O)NH2·5CF3COOH was obtained from Diapharm (Lyubertsy, Russia). Other chemicals and solvents were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), Fluka (Seelze, Deutschland) and Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). Water was purified by a Simplicity 185 water system (Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA) and had a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ∙cm at 25 °C.
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10

Biphenyl Synthesis and Ionic Liquid Preparation

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For the CTF-biphenyl synthesis, anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3; 98.5%) was received from Arcos Organics, cyanuric chloride (99%) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, and biphenyl (99%) from Alfa Aesar. biphenyl was recrystallized from ethanol before usage. For the synthesis of the IL, [BMIm][NTf2] 1-chlorobutane (99%) was purchased from Merck, 1-methylimidazole (99%) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li[NTf2]; 99%) were obtained from Fluorochem, activated charcoal (extra pure) from Merck, and acidic aluminum oxide (150 m2/g; Brockmann grade 1) from Alfa Aesar. The solvents acetone (≥99.8%), dichloromethane (DCM; 99.99%), and ethyl acetate (≥99%) were received from Fisher Scientific; and methanol (MeOH; ≥99.8%) and tetrahydrofuran (THF; ≥99.9%) from Sigma-Aldrich. The polymer Matrimid® 5218 (BTDA/DAPI) was provided by Huntsman Advanced Materials. The gases CO2 (grade 4.5), CH4 (grade 4.5), and He (grade 5.0) were received from Air Liquide.
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