All solvents for the NMR, HR-MS/MS and GC–MS, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany) and all LC-MS solvents were ChromaSolv grade, obtained from Fluka Analytical. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ) was obtained from a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
Gc ms
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany
GC–MS (Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry) is an analytical instrument that combines gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques. It is used for the identification and quantification of a wide range of chemical compounds in complex mixtures. The GC component separates the individual components of the mixture, while the MS component provides detailed information about the molecular structure and identity of each separated compound.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Milli q system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L 5 5 5 2h3 leucine, by Cambridge Isotopes (1 mentions)
Pentafluorobenzyl bromide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Suprasolv, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Triolein, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q distilled water, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
High performance liquid chromatography (hplc), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 protocols using gc ms
1
Analytical Techniques for Compound Analysis
2
Isotopically Labeled Compounds Analysis
3
GC-MS Metabolomics Analysis of Cyanobacteria
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All chemicals used for metabolites isolation and GC-MS analysis were accessed from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). For metabolomic analysis, samples of the wild type and the mutants were collected from normal BG11 medium at 48 h. For each sample, cells equivalent to 108 were collected by centrifugation at 6,000 × g for 10 min at 4°C (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany). The cell pellets were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80°C before use. The metabolomic analysis was performed as described previously (Zhang et al., 2015 (link)). Peak areas of all the metabolites identified in GC-MS were normalized by the peak areas of internal standard D13-sorbitol and the cell numbers of the sample, and the comparative abundances for each identified metabolite were used for future analysis. The metabolites missing in more than 50% of the samples were cut off and <50% were filled up with average in replicates.
4
AREc32 and AhR-CALUX Assays
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The test chemicals for the
AREc32 assay were benzo[a]pyrene (Sigma-Aldrich,
#50-32-8, ≥96%) and dichlorvos (Dr. Ehrenstorfer, #62-73-7,
97.6%), and for the AhR-CALUX, they were 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl
(PCB 126, Dr. Ehrenstorfer, #57465-28-8, 94.5%) and β-naphthoflavone
(Sigma-Aldrich, #6051-87-2, ≥98%) (chemical structures inFigure SI2 ). The reference compound for the AhR-CALUX
assay was 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD,
Dr. Ehrenstorfer). The solvents used were ethyl acetate (Merck, SupraSolv,
GC–MS), methanol (Merck, SupraSolv, for GC ECD FID), and dimethyl
sulfoxide (DMSO, Applichem, ≥99.5%). Triolein was purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (≥99%). PDMS sheets (SSP-M823) with a thickness
of 1 mm, supplied by Specialty Silicone Products (Ballston Spa, USA),
were Soxhlet-extracted with ethyl acetate for at least 16 h prior
to use.
AREc32 assay were benzo[a]pyrene (Sigma-Aldrich,
#50-32-8, ≥96%) and dichlorvos (Dr. Ehrenstorfer, #62-73-7,
97.6%), and for the AhR-CALUX, they were 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl
(PCB 126, Dr. Ehrenstorfer, #57465-28-8, 94.5%) and β-naphthoflavone
(Sigma-Aldrich, #6051-87-2, ≥98%) (chemical structures in
assay was 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD,
Dr. Ehrenstorfer). The solvents used were ethyl acetate (Merck, SupraSolv,
GC–MS), methanol (Merck, SupraSolv, for GC ECD FID), and dimethyl
sulfoxide (DMSO, Applichem, ≥99.5%). Triolein was purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (≥99%). PDMS sheets (SSP-M823) with a thickness
of 1 mm, supplied by Specialty Silicone Products (Ballston Spa, USA),
were Soxhlet-extracted with ethyl acetate for at least 16 h prior
to use.
5
Turmeric Nanofiber and β-Caryophyllene Protocol
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β-Caryophyllene, derived from black
pepper, and turmeric nanofiber were supplied by Plant Lipids Private
Limited, Cochin, Kerala, India. Phospholipids were acquired from Shankar
Soy Concepts, Indore, India. Organic solvents were of LC–MS,
GC–MS, and HPLC grade and standards and other chemicals were
procured from Merck India. Millipore Milli-Q distilled water was utilized
throughout the study.
pepper, and turmeric nanofiber were supplied by Plant Lipids Private
Limited, Cochin, Kerala, India. Phospholipids were acquired from Shankar
Soy Concepts, Indore, India. Organic solvents were of LC–MS,
GC–MS, and HPLC grade and standards and other chemicals were
procured from Merck India. Millipore Milli-Q distilled water was utilized
throughout the study.
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