Uv 2501pc

Aqueous copolymer solution (10 mg·mL⁻¹) was prepared and gradient diluted to obtain samples with a series of concentration. Twenty microliter DPH methanol solution (0.6 mmol·L⁻¹) was added into every 1 mL aqueous copolymer solution and incubated equilibrated at 4°C overnight. UV-vis spectra of the copolymer/DPH solution in the range of 320–460 nm were measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-2501 PC, Shimadzu, Japan) at 25°C. Difference in absorbance at 378 and 400 nm (A₃₇₈-A₄₀₀) vs. the logarithmic concentration was plotted to determine the CMC value.

The morphological properties of carbon samples were determined by SEM (S-4800, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) and TEM (TF20, Jeol 2100F, Tokyo, Japan). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was conducted using a spectrometer (Nicolet FTIR 6700, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) over a wavenumber in the 400–4000 cm⁻¹ range. XRD patterns of carbon samples were generated on a X-ray diffraction diffractometer (D8 Advance, Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) with CuKa radiation (λ = 1.5147 Å). Data on N₂ adsorption/desorption were determined using a static volumetric sorption analyzer (ASAP 2020, Micromeritics, Norcross, GA, USA). The surface areas were calculated using the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) approach. By employing the t-plot technique, the microporous volume of a sample was measured. The pore size distributions were ascertained with non-local density functional theory (DFT). The XPS data were determined on a X-ray photoelectron instrument (ESCALAB 250Xi, Thermo Scientific, Loughborough, UK) with a monochromatized Al Kα line excitation source. Binding energy calibration was performed in accordance with the C1 peak at 284.6 eV. The dye concentration during adsorption tests was measured using a spectrophotometer (UV-2501PC, Shimadzu, Milton Keynes, UK).

Optical rotations were measured on a Perkin-Elmer 241 polarimeter (Perkin-Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA), and UV spectra were recorded on Shimadzu UV-2501 PC (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). IR data were recorded using a Shimadzu FTIR-8400S spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). ¹H and ¹³C NMR data were acquired using Bruker 500 and Bruker 600 instruments (Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany), with solvent signals (CD₃OD: δ_H 3.30/δ_C 49.0 ppm;) as references. HRESIMS data were acquired using a Q-TOF analyzer in SYNAPT HDMS system (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). X-ray diffraction data were collected on the Agilent GEMINI^TME instrument (CrysAlisPro software, Version 1.171.35.11; Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). HPLC was performed using Waters 2535 system (Waters, Milford, MA, USA), with the following components: preparative column, a Daisogel-C₁₈-100A (10 μm, 30 × 250 mm, ChuangXinTongHeng Sci. & Tech., Beijing, China) and a YMC-Pack ODS-A column (5 μm, 10 × 250 mm, YMC, Kyoto, Japan); and detector, Waters 2489 UV. Sephadex LH-20 (40–70 μm, Pharmacia Biotech AB, Uppsala, Sweden), silica gel (60–100, 100–200 and 200–300 mesh) and silica gel GF254 sheets (0.20–0.25 mm) (Qingdao Marine Chemical Plant, Qingdao, China) were used for column chromatography and TLC, respectively. TLC spots were visualized under UV light and by dipping into 5% H₂SO₄ in EtOH, followed by heating.

The chemical identification of the hybrid films was conducted using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermo scientific, ESCA Probe). The XPS spectra were recorded with a normal emission geometry using monochromatic Al Kα radiation (hν = 1486.6 eV) in an ultrahigh vacuum system (pressure: ~10⁻⁹ Torr) with a pass energy of 50.0 eV. The structural feature of the hybrid films was investigated using micro Raman spectroscopy (Renishaw, 514 nm, Ar⁺ ion laser). The structural characterization of the samples was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, S-4700, Hitach) and TEM (JEOL-2100F, JEOL) with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS, Gatan, Imaging filter model 607). The sheet resistance of the samples was measured by 4-point probe measurement system (CMT-SR1000N, Advanced Instrument Technology). The optical transmittance of the hybrid films was examined by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-2501PC, SHIMADZU).

The ground state absorption spectra were recorded using a spectrophotometer Shimadzu UV-2501PC at room temperature. The steady-state fluorescence spectra were measured using 1 cm × 1 cm quartz cells with a combination of a cw-Xenon lamp (XBO 150) and a monochromator (Lot-Oriel, bandwidth 10 nm) for excitation and a polychromator equipped with a cooled CCD matrix as a detector system (Lot-Oriel, Instaspec IV) [18 ].