Methylbenzene

All reagents were not purified further before use. Methylbenzene, hydrochloric acid (HCl), lysine (Lys), arginine (Arg), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄), tetrabutyltitanate, gold (III) chloride (HAuCl₄·3H₂O), leucine (Leu), cysteine (Cys), proline (Pro), glycine (Gly), barium hydroxide octahydrate (Ba(OH)₂·8H₂O), formic acid, ethylene diamine tetraacetic disodium (EDTA−2Na), chloroplatinic acid (H₂PtCl₆), 3,3′,5,5′−tetramethylbenzidine (TMB, ≥99%), L−histidine (L−His), glutathione (GSH), glutamic acid (Glu), and fetal bovine serum were purchased from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium borohydride (NaBH₄), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na₂HPO₄), p−Benzoquinone (p−BQ), isopropanol (IPA), potassium nitrate (KNO₃), citric acid, ascorbic acid (AA), and sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Corn stalk, sawdust, cotton, fabric, melamine sponge, and copper mesh were purchased from a local market. The cotton sample is the raw fiber. The fabric used is the cotton gauze, which has wrap and weft yarns of 32 counts of pure cotton with a number of 50 × 44 per square inch. Zinc chloride (ZnCl₂, 99%), pyrrole (C₄H₄NH, 99%), hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS, CH₃(CH₂)₁₅Si(OCH₃)₃, ≥85%), ammonium hydroxide (NH₃∙H₂O, 28%), absolute ethyl alcohol (C₂H₅OH), acetic acid (CH₃COOH, 99.5%), ethyl acetate (C₄H₈O₂, 99%), liquid paraffin (99%), benzene (C₆H₆, ≥99.5%), petroleum ether, tetrachloromethane (CCl₄, 98%) methylbenzene (C₇H₈, 99%), chloroform (CHCl₃, 99%), and dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂, 99%) were acquired from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, ≥96.0%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 36.5%∼38%), and ferric trichloride (FeCl₃, 99%) were purchased from Tianjin Kermel Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). The engine oil, diesel, and corn oil were obtained locally.