1 2 13c xylose

Chemicals and M9 minimal medium were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Isotopic tracers were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA): [1,6-¹³C]glucose (99.2 % ¹³C), [1,2-¹³C]glucose (99.7 %), [1-¹³C]glucose (99.5 %), [2-¹³C]glucose (99.5 %), [3-¹³C]glucose (99.5 %), [4,5,6-¹³C]glucose (99.5 %), and [1,2-¹³C]xylose (99.2 %). The isotopic enrichment of all tracers and the composition of tracer mixtures used in parallel labeling experiments were validated by GC-MS analysis as described in (Sandberg et al., 2016 (link)) and (Cordova and Antoniewicz, 2016 (link)). SFM4CHO medium (GE Healthcare Life Sciences SH3054901) and DMEM medium (Corning 17-207-CV, without glucose, glutamine, and sodium pyruvate) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA).

Media and chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Tracers were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories: [1,2-¹³C]glucose (99.9 atom% ¹³C), [1,6-¹³C]glucose (99.6%), [U-¹³C]glucose (99.3%), [1,2-¹³C]xylose (99.3%), [5-¹³C]xylose (99.6%), and [U-¹³C]xylose (99.3%). The isotopic purity of all glucose tracers was determined by GC-MS (Long et al., 2016a (link)). MOPS minimal medium was used for all experiments.