Balb c

BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were obtained from Janvier labs (Roubaix, FR). C57BL/6 Rag2^−/−Il2rg^−/− and IL12rb2^−/− mice were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. BALB/c Rag1^−/− mice were kindly provided by M. Suter (Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland), BALB/c Rag2^−/−Il2rg^−/− mice by A. Aguzzi (Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland), BALB/c Ifngr^−/− mice by M. Kopf (Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Switzerland) and C57BL/6 Eomes^GFP/+ mice by Arnold et al.49 (link). All animals were kept in house according to institutional guidelines under specific pathogen-free conditions at a 12 h light/dark cycle with food and water provided ad libitum. All experiments were performed using female mice at the age of 7–10 weeks and were performed according to institutional guidelines and approved by the Swiss cantonal veterinary office (license 147/2012 and 142/2015).

Six to eight week-old, female BALB/c and Swiss mice were purchased from Janvier Laboratories (Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France) for the in vivo infection studies and the collection of peritoneal macrophages, respectively. Mice were randomly allocated to experimental groups and housed in individually ventilated cages with access to laboratory rodent food (Carfil, Oud-Turnhout, Belgium) and drinking water ad libitum.

TNF-deficient (#5540) and TNFR1-deficient (#2818) C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Jackson laboratories. CD8-deficient C57BL/6 mice were a gift from Prof. J. van Meerwijk (INSERM U1043, Toulouse, France). C57BL/6 and Balb/c mice were from Janvier and Envigo, respectively. Mice had unrestricted access to food and water and were kept on a 12-h light/dark cycle under specific pathogen-free conditions at the CRCT animal facility (US006 CREFRE—Inserm/UPS), which is accredited by the French Ministry of Agriculture to perform experiments on live mice (accreditation number A-31 55508). All experimental protocols were approved by the local ethic committee (Midi-Pyrénées, France) and are in compliance with the French and European regulations on care and protection of laboratory animals. For each experimental condition, at least 5 female 6–12-week-old mice were used.

mBSA (2 mg ml⁻¹; Sigma) was emulsified in equal amounts with complete Freunds adjuvant (Sigma) containing 5 mg ml⁻¹ heat-inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra; Difco). Male 6-week-old Balb/c mice (Janvier) were injected s.c. with 100 μl of this emulsion and simultaneously injected i.p. with 5 × 10⁸ heat-inactivated Bordtella pertussis (National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC)) at day 0 and 7. After 21 days, the mice were challenged with 100 μg mBSA into one knee joint. At day 28, blood was taken and IgG was isolated with a protein G column (GE Healthcare) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. For sialylation, 1 mg of IgG was incubated with 750 μM CMP-sialic acid (Calbiochem) and 30 mU of α2-6 sialyltransferase (Sigma) in 100 mM Tris/HCl, pH 8,0 with 1 mM MnCl₂ for 4 days at 37 °C. The reaction was confirmed with a lectin blot. For the IgG transfer, 2 mg of untreated or sialylated AIA-IgG was injected i.v. into naive male 9-week-old Balb/c (Janvier) mice. After 1 and 5 days, the right knee joints were injected with 100 μg mBSA. The left knee joints served as internal controls. Knee joint swelling was determined using a dial thickness gauge (Peacock) and expressed relative to the knee diameter at day 0. At day 8, mice were killed and the bones were dissected for histological analysis.