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10 protocols using ab207608

1

Western Blot Analysis of EMT Markers

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Cells at the logarithmic growth phase were collected and lysed with radio immunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer (SS0501; SORFA, Beijing, China) to extract the total protein. The protein concentration was quantified using BCA kits (PC0020-500, Acmec, Shanghai, China). The protein samples were denatured by boiling, separated using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electrophoretically transferred onto the polyvinylidene fluoride membranes, and blocked with 5% skim milk for 1 h. Next, the membranes were incubated with rabbit anti-human primary antibodies anti-E-cadherin (1:10000, ab40772; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-N-cadherin (1:1000, ab207608; Abcam), anti-ZEB1 (1:1000, ab203829; Abcam), and β-actin (1:1000, ab8227, Abcam) at 4 °C overnight. After washing, the membranes were probed with HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody IgG H&L (1:300, ab7090; Abcam) for 1 h. The membranes were visualized with enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) and photographed. The gray value of the protein bands was analyzed using the Image-Pro 6.0 software with β-actin as the internal control.
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2

Protein Expression Analysis of HCC

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Total proteins of HCC tissues and cells were extracted by RIPA buffer (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) in ice, and quantified by a BCA kit (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Then the protein samples were mixed with loading buffer and heated in boiling water. The same amount of protein was separated by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and blocked with 5% skim milk at room temperature for 2 h. The primary antibodies of ZEB1 (1: 1200, ab203829, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), E-cadherin (1: 1500, ab133597, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), N-cadherin (1: 1500, ab207608, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and GAPDH (1: 1500, ab37168, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) were used to incubate with membrane at 4 °C for 8 h. HRP-goat anti-rabbit (IgG) secondary antibody (1:1400; ab6721; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) was then incubated with the membrane at 24 °C for 2 h, and protein signals were visualized using ECL luminescence reagent (Sangon, Shanghai, China).
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Cell Markers

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The clinical tissues and cells were prepared, and the RIPA lysis buffer (Beyotime Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) was employed for total proteins extraction. Next, we conducted SDS-PAGE to separate the protein bands with differential molecular weight, and the proteins were transferred onto the PVDF membranes (Millipore, USA). Then, the membranes were blocked by nonfat milk for 1 h at room temperature, and were incubated with the primary antibodies anti-CXCR4 (#ab181020, 1:2000, 39 kDa, Abcam, UK), anti-GAPDH (#ab8245, 1:3000, 40.2 kDa, Abcam, UK), anti-N-cadherin (#ab207608, 1:2500, 100 kDa, Abcam, UK), and anti-Vimentin (#ab137321, 1:1500, 54 kDa, Abcam, UK) at 4°C overnight. Next day, the membranes were probed with the an-mouse and anti-rabbit secondary antibodies (Cell Signaling Technology, USA) for 1 h with the dilution of 1:5000, and the protein bands were visualized by ECL chemiluminescent detection system (ThermoFisher Scientific, USA) and were quantified by Image J software. The proteins were normalized by GAPDH.
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4

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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Total protein was extracted with RIPA lysis buffer, isolated on SDS‐PAGE gel, and transferred to a PVDF membrane. Membranes were sealed with 5% skim milk and incubated overnight with primary antibodies for FOXK1(ab18196),E‐cadherin (ab15148), N‐cadherin (ab207608), MMP2 (ab97779), MMP7 (ab205525), p‐Akt (ab38449), Akt (ab179463), p‐mTOR (ab109268), mTOR (ab109268), and GAPDH (ab8245) from Abcam (Cambridge, USA). Secondary antibodies were added for cultivation for 1 hour. The amount of protein was examined using chemiluminescence detection system.
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5

Western Blot Analysis of EMT Markers

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The total proteins were extracted using RIPA Lysis and Extraction Buffer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA) containing protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Then, protein concentration was measured using Bio-Rad Protein Assay (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Next, 30 µg proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and electrotransferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Subsequently, the membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk followed by incubation with the primary antibodies and the secondary antibody. The antibody information was shown as below: anti-MMP2 (1:1000; ab97779; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), E-cadherin (E-cad, ab133597; 1:2000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), N-cadherin (N-cad, ab207608; 1:1000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), and anti-GAPDH (1:5000; ab9485; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:5000; ab205718; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA). Finally, protein signals were detected using Clarity Western ECL Substrate (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) and the signal intensity was estimated using Quantity One software Version 4.1.1 (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) via gray analysis.
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6

Western Blotting Antibody Validation

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Western blotting experiments were performed as previously described
[24] (link). The antibodies used in this research were as follows: anti-human β-actin (AF7018; Affinity Biosciences, Cincinnati, USA), anti-human G6PD (ab210702; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-human TP53 (9282; Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, USA), anti-human E-cadherin (ab231303; Abcam), anti-human N-cadherin (ab207608; Abcam), anti-human MMP-9 (AF5228; Affinity Biosciences), anti-human Bcl-2 (AF6139; Affinity Biosciences), anti-human cleaved caspase-3 (AF7022; Affinity Biosciences), anti-human Cyt-C (AF0146; Affinity Biosciences), and anti-human YY1 (ABP60802; Abbkine, Wuhan, China).
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7

Western Blot Analysis of EMT Markers

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The protein (20 µg per lane) prepreaed using lysis buffer (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) was added onto SDS-PAGE gels, followed by transferring onto PVDF membrane (Beyotime). Afterwards, these membranes were reacted with primary antibodies against E-cadherin (1:2000; ab133597; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), N-cadherin (1:1000; ab207608; Abcam) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9; 1:2000; ab76003; Abcam), UCK2 (1:1000; FNab09223; Fine Biotech Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China) or β-actin (1:200; ab115777; Abcam). Protein blots were tested by BeyoECL reagents (Beyotime).
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8

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tumor Markers

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The tumor Sects. (4 μm paraffin embedded) were performed the dewaxing and rehydration. After sealing, the sections and primary antibody Ki67 (ab15580, 5 µg/ mL, Abcam, Shanghai, China), E-cadherin (ab231303, 1 µg/mL, Abcam), or N-cadherin (ab207608, 1/500, Abcam) were blended for 12-h incubation at 4 °C and further mixing for appropriate secondary antibody (ab6721, 1/1000, Abcam, Shanghai, China). Next, the sections were made the dyeing by diaminobenzidine (DAB) and re-dyeing by hematoxylin. Lastly, images were obtained under a microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan).
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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The proteins were obtained by using RIPA (Beyotime) and then subjected to SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Next, the samples were electroblotted onto PVDF membranes and blocked in 5% skim milk for 2 h. Thereafter, the membranes were kept overnight with primary antibodies against GAPDH (ab181602; Abcam), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA; ab18197; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), cleaved-caspase 3 (ab2302; Abcam), E-cadherin (ab231303; Abcam), N-cadherin (ab207608; Abcam), vimentin (ab137321; Abcam) or PAX6 (ab195045; Abcam) and secondary antibody (ab205718; Abcam) for 2 h. The bands were exposed using an ECL kit (Beyotime).
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10

Western Blot Protein Analysis Protocol

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Cells and tissues were lysed using RIPA lysis buffer (Beyotime) to obtain protein samples. After the protein concentration was measured using a BCA kit (Beyotime), the corresponding volume of protein was supplemented with sample loading buffer (Beyotime), mixed, and heated in boiling water for 3 min to denature the protein. Electrophoresis was performed at 80 V for 30 min and 120 V for 1-2 h after the addition of bromophenol blue for the separation gel. The protein was transferred to a membrane in an ice bath with a current of 300 mA for 60 min, after which the membrane was rinsed for 1-2 min and sealed for 60 min or blocked overnight at 4°C. Primary rabbit antihuman GAPDH (ab9485, 1:5000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit antihuman LSM4 (ab236744, 1:500, Abcam), mouse antihuman E-cadherin (ab231303, 1:1000, Abcam), rabbit antihuman N-cadherin (ab207608, 1:1000, Abcam), and mouse antihuman vimentin (ab8978, 1:1000, Abcam) were incubated on a shaker for 2 h, followed by three rounds of washing (each for 10 min). Next, a secondary antibody (goat anti-rabbit or goat anti-mouse IgG tagged with horseradish peroxidase, 1:5000, Beijing ComWin Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) was added for 1 h incubation. After color development, a chemiluminescence imaging system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) was used for detection.
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