Xanthan gum (XG) from Xanthomonas campestris was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Chitosan (CS, degree of acetylation of 90%), was acquired from Golden-Shell Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China. Solvents and materials for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis were supplied by Cortecnet, Voisins Le Bretonneux, France. All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. The one-component urethane prepolymer adhesive (PUR), used as reference in tensile strength tests, was provided by Amorim & Irmãos, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal. This type of adhesive is widely used as a binder in cork granule composites. Cork discs were also supplied by Amorim & Irmãos.
Xanthan gum from xanthomonas campestris
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Xanthan gum is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide produced by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It is a versatile and widely used thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying agent in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Alexa fluor 488 and 594, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dapi dihydrochloride, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Anti ki67 antibody, by Abcam (1 mentions)
4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Calcium chloride dihydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lithium phenyl 2 4 6 trimethylbenzoylphosphinate lap, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Alginic acid sodium salt, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Trypsin edta solution, by Welgene (1 mentions)
Cell counting kit 8 cck 8, by Dojindo Laboratories (1 mentions)
Live dead assay kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Glacial acetic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chitosan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Phosphoric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Calcium hydroxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Analytical grade ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Catechin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
P coumaric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Oleanolic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
10 protocols using xanthan gum from xanthomonas campestris
1
Chitosan-Xanthan Gum Composite Adhesive
2
Biomimetic Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering
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Gelatin was obtained from cold water fish skin, methacrylic anhydride (MA, contains 2000 ppm Topanol A as an inhibitor, 94%), lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP), alginic acid sodium salt, calcium chloride dihydrate, and xanthan gum (XG) from Xanthomonas campestris, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Sylgard®) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM, high glucose), 1X Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1X penicillin-streptomycin solution (P/S), and 1X trypsin-EDTA solution were purchased from Welgene (Gyeongsan, Gyongsangbuk-do, Korea). Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC) was purchased from Daejung (Siheung, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Dojindo (Rockville, MD, USA). Live/Dead assay kit was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Additionally, 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride (DAPI), and Alexa Fluor™ 488 and 594 were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Anti-human nuclear antigen antibody (HNA), anti-Ki-67 antibody, and anti-matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) antibody were purchased from Abcam (Tokyo, Japan).
3
Bioactive Nanoemulsion Formulation
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We used rapeseed oil (vegetable oil, Lesieur, Asnières-sur-Seine, France), rapeseed lecithin (Lecresoyaf F60 IP, France) and deionized water to prepare nanoemulsions. Ethanol (EtOH), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile, and iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) (HPLC purity grade) used for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Bioactive compound coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers used as thickeners, namely xanthan gum (XG) from Xanthomonas campestris was purchased from (Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Karlsruhe, Germany).
4
Chitosan-Xanthan Gum Membrane for Hydroxyapatite Synthesis
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Chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 83% (product reference 448877, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), glacial acetic acid (product reference 100631000, Merck, Rahway, NJ, USA), and xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris (product reference G1253, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were used for the production of the membranes. Lactic acid (product reference 01A1040.01.BJ, Synth, San Francisco, CA, USA), calcium hydroxide (product reference102047, Merck, Rahway, NJ, USA), phosphoric acid 85% (product reference 100552, Merck, Rahway, NJ, USA), and potassium hydroxide (product reference 01H2002.01.AG, Synth, San Francisco, CA, USA) were used for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite. Ultrapure water (Milli-Q Direct Q 8/16 System) was used for the preparation of the solutions. The DPSC (product reference PT-5025, Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA) were provided by the company R-Crio (Campinas, SP, Brazil).
5
Gluten-Free Dough Formulation and Analysis
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Corn starch (Merck SA, Athens, Greece), pea protein (Kirpitsas Ingredients, Serres, Greece), xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), frozen sour cherries (Alterra, S.A., Giannitsa, Greece), dry yeast (Sacharomyces cerevisiae, Global Synergy Buying Groups S.A., Thessaloniki, Greece), baking powder (Jotis S.A., Athens, Greece), and all other ingredients used for the preparation of gluten-free dough were locally purchased. Bis-(trimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), analytical grade ethanol, quercetin, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol, homovanillic acid, phloretic acid, oleanolic acid, cinnamic acid, vanillin, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, syringic acid, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid, Trolox, DPPH, and TPTZ were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Tyrosol, protocatechuic acid, sinapic acid, o-coumaric acid, and caffeic acid, and epicatechin were purchased from Fluka (Steinheim, Germany); vanillic acid was obtained from Serva (Heidelberg, Germany), while kaempferol, chrysin, naringenin, acacetin, and apigenin was obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay-Cedex, France). Ethanol/water mixture used for the extraction of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) was a distillation product from local producers.
6
Development of Eucalyptus-Based Topical Formulations
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MUP (purity > 98%) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry UK Ltd. (Oxford, UK) and Discovery Fine Chemicals Ltd. (Leek, UK). Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween® 80), sorbitan mono oleic acid (Span® 80), eucalyptol (EU) (purity 99%), eucalyptus oil (EO) (purity 100%), and absolute ethanol (purity ≥ 99.8) were all analytical grade and were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Gillingham, UK). Acetonitrile (purity ≥ 99%), methanol (purity ≥ 99.5%), and ortho-phosphoric acid (85%) were all HPLC grade and were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Gillingham, UK).
Carbopol 940 was purchased from Acros Organics B.V.B.A. (Geel, Belgium), HPMC K100 and xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Gillingham, UK), and Xantural® 75 was purchased from CP Kelco (Leatherhead, UK).
Ultrapure water was obtained from Barnstead Nanopure (Texas, TX, USA). Merck Strat-M® membrane and B Braun™ hypodermic needles and adhesive tape (3M Transpore®) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Warrington, UK).
Carbopol 940 was purchased from Acros Organics B.V.B.A. (Geel, Belgium), HPMC K100 and xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Gillingham, UK), and Xantural® 75 was purchased from CP Kelco (Leatherhead, UK).
Ultrapure water was obtained from Barnstead Nanopure (Texas, TX, USA). Merck Strat-M® membrane and B Braun™ hypodermic needles and adhesive tape (3M Transpore®) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Warrington, UK).
7
Agar and Xanthan Gum-based Formulation
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The Agar used in this study was bought from HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India. The Xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris was procured from Sigma Life Science, Missouri, MI, USA, while the Sodium (6.5–8.5%) Carboxymethyl Cellulose was obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China. The Polyethylene Glycol 3000 (referred later as PEG) and Glycerol anhydrous GR were supplied by Fluka Chemie GmbH, Buchs, Switzerland and Lach-Ner s.r.o, Neratovice, Czechia respectively.
8
Fullerene-Based Nanomaterial Formulation
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Fullerene, with a purity of 99.5%, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Nonionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (T80), viscous liquid, and sorbitan monooleate (S80) were from Sigma-Aldrich. Xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris and white beeswax, bleached, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Phenonip, preservative, was purchased from Bramble Berry (Bellingham, WA, USA). Palm kernel oil esters (PKOEs) were synthesized in our laboratory through the enzymatic transesterification of palm kernel oil and oleyl alcohol using Lipozyme RM IM as the catalyst.13 Deionized water was purified using the Milli-Q water system (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).
9
Olive Oil Emulsion Formulation
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Freshly refined olive oil was donated by I.O.B.M. srl (Montesarchio, BN, Italy). Xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). WPI was 97.5 wt% protein, and lactose content was less than 1 wt%. A phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.0 was prepared using monosodium phosphate and sodium hydroxide (SA, Darmstadt, Germany). The buffer was used to maintain constant pH, as this parameter can affect emulsion stability (Sørensen et al., 2008) . All other chemicals were of analytical grade purity. Phenolic powder extract from OMW was donated by LABS (Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy). P-OMW production process has been reported by Troise et al. (2014) and the emulsions formulated with these extracts were previously applied for other studies on O/W emulsions (Caporaso, Genovese, Burke, Barry-Ryan, & Sacchi, 2016) . The composition of the three main phenolic compounds analysed by HPLC-UV-Vis was as follows: OHTy 32±0.2 mg g -1 , Ty 1.9±0.1 mg g -1 , verbascoside 2.8±0.09 mg g -1 (Troise et al., 2014) .
10
Quantification of Polyphenols and Antioxidants
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The standards of gallic acid (PubChem CID: 370), (-)-epicatechin (PubChem CID: 72276), (+)-catechin hydrate (PubChem CID: 107957), theobromine (PubChem CID: 5429), trifluoroacetic acid (PubChem CID: 6422), Folin-Ciocalteu's phenol reagent 2, 2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (PubChem CID: 74358), maltodextrin and xanthan gum from Xanthomonas campestris were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). Na 2 CO 3 (PubChem CID: 10340), methanol (PubChem CID: 887) were purchased from Panreac Química S.A. (Barcelona, Spain). Acetonitrile HPLC grade purity (PubChem CID: 6342) was purchased from Romyl, Teknokroma (Barcelona, Spain).
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