Primary antibodies against caspase 3 and caspase 9

Hesperidin (C₂₈H₃₄O₁₅), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N oxide (DMPO), 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Hoechst 33342 dye and primary antibody against actin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 5,5′,6,6′-Tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl-benzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Primary antibodies against Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). Primary antibodies against caspase-3 and caspase-9 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade.

The human gastric cancer KATO III, SGC-7901 and AGS cell lines, as well as the 293T cell line as a control, were purchased from the cell bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). The human gastric cancer MKN45 and MKN74 cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). All cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA), supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.). Primary antibodies against caspase-3 and caspase-9 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA, USA). The primary antibody against GAPDH and the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA).