Minimum essential media alpha mem

Simvastatin was purchased from Zhejiang Ruibang Laboratories (Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China) Hydroxyapatite microparticles (HA, DNA grade Bio-Gel HTP gel) were purchased from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA, USA). Mouse macrophage Raw 264.7, osteoblast MC3T3-L1 cells, and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) were originally purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). Minimum Essential Media (alpha-MEM) and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Gemini BenchMark (West Sacramento, CA). Silver nitrate was purchased from RICCA Chemical Company (Arlington, TX). Sodium thiosulfate was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Haverhill, MA). All other reagents and solvents, if not specified, were obtained from either Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA) or Acros Organics (Morris Plains, NJ, USA).

Pluronic F127 and pyrophosphate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis in MO, USA). BIO was synthesized according to literature[31 (link)]. Dense Ceramic Hydroxyapatite discs (0.5” diameter and .08” Thick) were obtained from Clarkson Chromatography Products, Inc. (South Williamsport, PA USA). Mouse osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were acquired from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS, BenchMark™) was acquired from Gemini BenchMark (West Sacramento, CA). Minimum Essential Media (alpha-MEM), and trypsinEDTA were purchased from GIBCO (Grand Island, NY, USA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was bought from Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc. (Rockville, MD USA). All other solvents and reagents, if not specified, were acquired from either Acros Organics (Morris Plains, NJ, USA) or Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA).