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49 protocols using em10 electron microscope

1

Ultrastructural Analysis of Synapses

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For ultrastructural analysis, vibratome sections were post-fixed with 2% of glutaraldehyd/0.1% osmium tetroxide in 0.1M sodium cacodylate buffer, embedded in epoxy and analyzed with a ZEISS EM 10 electron microscope. Image J was used to outline the length of the active zone and the area of the postsynaptic density (PSD) of asymmetric synapses (each group n=3; 82 ± 5 total synapses studied). The average thickness of PSD was calculated by dividing the outlined area by the length of the postsynaptic membrane, as previously described (Dosemeci et al., 2001 (link)).
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2

Ultrastructural Analysis of Cells

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TEM was conducted as previously described [56 (link)]. Cells were seeded in 60 mm Petri dishes and then treated as described for growth experiments for 72 h. Cells were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, Merck) solution in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Then the samples were post-fixed in osmium tetroxide (3%), dehydrated in graded acetone, and embedded in Araldite (Sigma-Aldrich, Merck). Ultrathin sections were collected on copper grids and contrasted using both lead citrate and uranyl acetate. Grids were examined in a Zeiss EM 10 electron microscope (ZEISS, Oberkochen, Germany).
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3

TEM Characterization of Diluted Dispersions

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TEM experiments
were carried out using a Zeiss EM 10 electron microscope (Oberkochen,
Germany) at an operating voltage of 60 kV. For the investigation of
single particles, diluted dispersions were drop-casted on carbon-coated
copper grids followed by drying at room temperature.
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4

Cytoplasmic Vacuolation Analysis by Light and Electron Microscopy

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Cells were seeded at 3 or 4 × 104 cells/dish in 6‐cm dishes, respectively, and treated with δ‐TT (15 μg/mL for 18 hours). Cytoplasmic vacuolation was analysed by light microscopy from different fields under a Zeiss Axiovert 200 microscope with a 32 × 0.4 objective lens linked to a Coolsnap Es CCD camera (Roper Scientific‐Crisel Instruments). For TEM analysis, cell pellets were fixed over night in a solution containing 2% of paraformaldehyde and 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3). Samples were post‐fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide in cacodylate buffer at 0°C for 90 minutes, washed, dehydrated and embedded in Epon‐Araldite resin. Ultrathin sections were cut by a Leica Supernova ultramicrotome (Reichert Ultracut E) and stained with lead citrate. TEM was performed with a Zeiss EM10 electron microscope.
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5

Ultrastructural Analysis of Microglia

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To analyse the ultrastructure of triple labelled microglia, these cells were sorted on a permeable support PET membrane with 1um size pores (ThinCert™ Cell Culture Inserts, Greiner Bio-One) and prepared for electron microscopy. Fixation was performed in 2.5% (vol/vol) glutaraldehyde (Science Services, Munich, Germany) in 0.2 M sodium cacodylate buffer (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) at 4 °C overnight. Samples were post-fixed in osmium tetroxide (1%, vol/vol, Serva, Heidelberg, Germany) and stained in 2% uranyl acetate (Science Services, Munich, Germany) in 70% ethanol. After dehydration, membranes were embedded in epoxide resin (Araldite, Serva, Heidelberg, Germany). Finally, blocs were used for ultramicrotomy and sections were stained in 0.4% (vol/vol) lead citrate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Samples were analysed using an EM10 electron microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).
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6

Transmission Electron Microscopy of GNPs

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Transmission electron microscopy imaging was performed using a Zeiss EM10 electron microscope. The TOP60 and BOTTOM60 GNPs in the aqueous dispersion were dropped on formvar carbon-coated grids. The grids were then air-dried at room temperature and examined. Lateral size measurements of the GNPs were performed manually using the Image Pro-Plus software (version 6.0) (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Washington, WA, USA) on randomly acquired micrographs.
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7

Ultrastructural Analysis of Kidney Podocytes

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Formalin fixed kidneys were embedded in paraffin and prepared sections (3 μm thick). For general histologic analysis, sections were processed for Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The kidney cortical specimens were cut into small pieces (1 mm3), fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, and embedded in Epon 812 (Polysciences, Warrington, PA, USA). Transmission electron micrographs were obtained using a Zeiss EM-10 electron microscope operated at 80 kV with absolute magnifications of 8000 or 20000. For examination of podocyte foot processes, 6 random electron microscopic fields of glomeruli per animal were examined. The morphologic features were assessed by a single observer in a blinded manner.
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8

Electron Microscopy of Vaccine Samples

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Aliquots of 5 μL of the leftover liquid from diluted vaccines within the original glass vials were absorbed on Formvar-coated single-slot grids. After 2 min, the excess solution was removed with filter paper. Grids were air-dried, stained with freshly filtered 2% aqueous uranyl acetate for 7 min, washed in MilliQ water, and allowed to dry. Grids were examined under a Zeiss EM 10 electron microscope (Gottingen, Germany) at 80 kV voltage.
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9

Electron Microscopy of Tak1 Mice

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For electron microscopy, Tak1Fl and Tak1beKO mice were transcardially perfused with 2.5% glutaraldehyde (Paesel and Lorei) in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4). Brains were isolated and postfixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 2–4 h, and then stored in cacodylate buffer. Brain cortices were cut into small pieces and washed once with 0.1 M cacodylate buffer. The specimens were postfixed in 1% OsO4 in cacodylate buffer for 1 h and dehydrated in ascending series of ethanol and propylene oxide. For contrast enhancement, they were bloc stained in uranyl acetate in 70% ethanol for 4 h and flat-embedded in Araldite (Serva). Using an ultramicrotome (Ultracut R; Leica), semithin (1 µm) and ultrathin (50 nm) sections were cut. Ultrathin sections were stained with lead citrate, mounted on copper grids, and finally analyzed with an EM 10 electron microscope (Carl Zeiss).
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10

Electron Microscopy Protocol for OEPC Aggregates

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OEPC aggregates were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde buffered with 0.05 M sodium cacodylate, postfixed in 1.0% osmium tetroxide and dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol27 (link), 46 (link). Micrographs were taken with a ZEISS EM-10 electron microscope at 80 kV.
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