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35 protocols using iron nitrate

1

Hydrothermal Synthesis of CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles

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For the synthesis of CoFe2O4 nanostructures, stoichiometric amounts of cobalt nitrate [Co(NO3)2.6H2O, 0.873 g, Merck (99.9%)], iron nitrate [Fe(NO3)3.9H2O, 2.424 g, Merck (99.9%)], sodium hydroxide [NaOH, 2 g, Merck (≥98%)] and ascorbic acid [C6H8O6, 0.141 g, Merck (≥98%)] were mixed in deionized (DI) water. The mixed solution was kept in Teflon lined stainless steel autoclave for heating at 120 °C for 20 hours. After the hydrothermal treatment, resulting CoFe2O4 nanostructures were washed several times with DI water and dried at 70 °C. Figure 5 shows high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) result of as-synthesized CoFe2O4 nanostructures. The particles of size ~9 nm are formed in the synthesis. The clear lattice fringes indicating good crystallinity with an interplanar spacing of ~0.24 nm is obtained corresponding to (311) plane of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles47 (link).

High resolution transmission electron microscopy result of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles.

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2

Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles

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Manganese chloride tetra hydrate (MnCl2.4H2O), Iron nitrate [Fe (NO3)3.9H2O], Gadolinium nitrate hexahydrate [Gd (NO3)3.6H2O)] and ammonia Hydro oxide (NH4OH) were purchased from Merck (US). Additionally, the fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibiotics (100 μg/ml streptomycin and penicillin), DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Thermo fisher scientific.
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3

Synthesis of α-Fe2O3 with Trimesic Acid

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All reagents and solvents used
for the synthesis and analysis were commercially available and used
as received. Bulk α-Fe2O3 was purchased
from Alfa Aesar. Iron nitrate was purchased from Merck, ethanol was
purchased from Analytical Reagents, and trimesic acid was purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich and was used without further purification unless
otherwise noted.
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4

Fabrication of Nickel-based Hybrid Electrodes

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Magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO3)2.6H2O, > 99%, Merck), nickel nitrate (Ni(NO3)2.6H2O, > 99%, Merck), iron nitrate (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O, > 99%, Merck), N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP; MW = 1,300,000, Sigma-Aldrich) and ethanol (99.8%, Merck), carbon black (Alfa Aesar), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF, Kynar HSV900, Arkema), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, > 99%, Merck), and potassium hydroxide (KOH, > 85%, chem-lab) were analytical grade and used without further purification. Deionized (DI) water (> 18.4 MΩ cm−1) from a Merck Millipore water purification system was used throughout the experiment. A flexible interconnected porous nickel foam with 1.5 mm thickness and a purity > 99% was supplied by Latech Scientific Supply Pte. Ltd. (Singapore).
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5

Manganese Spinel Ferrite Synthesis

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Manganese nitrate (Mn(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O), iron nitrate (Fe(NO3)3 ∙ 9H2O), and citric acid (C6H8O7 ∙ H2O) were purchased from Merck Chemical (Saint Louis, MO, USA) and employed in manganese spinel ferrite synthesis. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt, average M.W. 90000, DS = 0.7) was acquired from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium), while sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium chloride (NaCl), and Methylene Blue (MB) were supplied by Merck Chemical (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Ethanol was provided by Chemical Company (Iasi, Romania). These analytically graded materials were used without further purification.
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of Dye-Containing Compounds

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Cobalt nitrate (Co(NO3)26H2O) (99%, supplied by Merck, Germany) barium nitrate(Ba(NO3)3-9H2O) (99%, supplied by Merck), iron nitrate (Fe(NO3)3‧9H2O) (99%, supplied by Merck), poly(ethylene glycol) (Sigma-Aldrich (Berlin, Germany)), citric acid (C6H8O7), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were applied as received. In all experiment steps, deionized water was used. In this study, in order to prepare the experimental solution containing dye as contaminant, AB92 (anazolene sodium, C26H16N3Na3o10S3) was purchased from AlvanSabet Corporation (Hamadan, Iran).
Figure 1 shows the chemical structure of (AB92) which is known commercial salt consisting of dye and inert product with pure dye content was 40%.
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7

Synthesis of Inorganic Salts from Natural Source

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All of the apparatus utilized in this study had standard quick-fit joints and were dried at 100 degrees Celsius. The chemicals for this work were commercial sea salt, water deionized (DI) (Merck), fumaric acid (Merck), iron nitrate (Merck), ethanol (Merck), aluminum nitrate (Merck), magnesium nitrate (Merck), ethylene glycol (Merck), citric acid (Merck) and silica (Merck). The plant was collected from local a nursery in Punjab province Lahore.
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8

Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis and Chemicals

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Example 1

Chemicals

Commercial multiwall carbon nanotubes were purchased from “Times Nano” with purity of greater than 95% by weight and an outer diameter of approximately 10-20 nm. Other chemicals which include iron nitrate, aluminum nitrate, zinc nitrate, ethanol, benzene (99.7% purity), nitric acid (>69% purity) and sodium hydroxide of analytical grade, were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and utilized directly without any further treatment or purification in the embodiments described herein.

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9

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes

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EXAMPLE 1

Chemicals

Commercial multiwall carbon nanotubes were purchased from “Timesnano” with purity of >95% (by weight). Other chemicals which include iron nitrate, aluminum nitrate, zinc nitrate, ethanol, toluene, p-xylene (99.7% purity), nitric acid (>69% purity) and sodium hydroxide of analytical grade, were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used as received without any further treatment.

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10

Hematite Catalyst Synthesis by Co-precipitation

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The iron oxide catalyst sample used for this investigation was prepared using the co-precipitation of iron nitrate (Sigma Aldrich, 99.99%) and sodium carbonate (Sigma Aldrich, 99.99%). The preparative procedure utilizes a batch reactor apparatus for reproducible sample synthesis and is described elsewhere.19 (link) The procedure produces hematite (α-Fe2O3) with a surface area of 70.8 m2 g−1 and an absence of promoters/modifiers. All samples were ground and sieved to a particle size range of 250–500 μm.
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