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Magnetic beads

Manufactured by R&D Systems
Sourced in China, United States

Magnetic beads are solid-phase supports that can be used in various laboratory applications. They consist of a magnetic core surrounded by a polymer coating. The magnetic property allows them to be easily separated and manipulated using a magnetic field.

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5 protocols using magnetic beads

1

Baseline Clinical Assessment in Kidney Study

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Laboratory values obtained at the baseline assessment included serum creatinine (calibrated to IDMS), cystatin C, hemoglobin, albumin, hemoglobin A1c, and urine albumin and creatinine concentrations. Nonfasting blood samples were obtained and stored at -80° within 2 hours of collection. All analyses were performed centrally by a CLIA-certified laboratory. Cystatin C was measured as a 2-plex by Luminex using magnetic beads (R&D Systems). The CKD-EPI equation was used to calculate eGFRCr without inclusion of the coefficient for Black race. The CKD-EPI cystatin C equation was used to calculate eGFRcysC.23 (link), 24 (link), 25
Comorbid conditions, including a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), were obtained from the participants’ electronic medical records and medical history questionnaires. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was defined as a nonfasting glucose level of ≥200 mg/dL, A1c of ≥6.5%, self-reported DM, or the prescription of DM medications. For this analysis, “controlled” diabetes was defined as a hemoglobin A1c of <7.5%. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured height and weight. Blood pressure was measured 3 times using an automated cuff while the participant sat at rest. Years of education, tobacco use history, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and congestive heart failure (CHF) were obtained from the medical history questionnaire.22 (link),26 (link)
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2

Isolation of CD4+ T cells from PBMCs

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll‐Hypaque density gradient centrifugation (Tianjin Haoyang Biological Manufacture Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China), and CD4+ T cells were isolated by negative selection using magnetic beads, according to the protocol of the manufacturer (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN). The purity of the CD4+ T cells was checked by flow cytometry and was typically >94%.
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3

Assessing Naïve T Cell Priming in Asthma

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To test naïve T cell priming, CD4+ T cells from naive DO11.10 mice were purified and i.v. transferred into asTreg recipient mice on day 7 at 5 × 106/mouse. On day 10, hLNs were collected and KJ1-26 cells were stained for maturation and polarization. For i.t. transfer of Teffs, CD4+ T cell of asthmatic DO11.10 mice was purified with magnetic beads (R&D System). asTreg-transferred asthmatic mice were anesthetized i.p. with 80 mg/kg pentobarbital, and a sterilized cut (~5 mm) was made right above trachea. 107 purified cells were loaded in 50 µl microinjector then intratracheally injected on day 7. After 36 h, hLN cells of recipients were stained and KJ1-26+ cells were analyzed.
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4

Murine Systemic Staphylococcus aureus Infection

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TSB medium was inoculated with S. aureus strains from a pre-culture and grown to mid-exponential growth phase (2–3 h). Bacteria were harvested, washed and diluted in sterile PBS. CFU were determined by diluting and plating on TSB plates. Six-week old female C57BL/6 wild-type mice purchased from Harlan Laboratories, C57BL/6 TLR2−/−43 (link), or C57BL/6 FPR2−/−50 (link) mice were challenged with 1 × 107 live bacteria in 0.2 ml PBS injected into the tail vein as described recently43 (link). Survival and disease progression was monitored over 14 days. Blood was collected from some mice 6 and 17 h after infection. Cytokine/chemokine levels in blood serum were determined following the manufacturer's instructions with a custom-made Luminex assay including magnetic beads for the measurement of CXCL2 (MIP-2), IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). The samples were analysed on a Bio-Plex MAGPIX Multiplex Reader (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Munich, Germany) with Bio-Plex Manager MP Software (Bio-Rad) and ELISA (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).
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5

Primary T cell isolation and stimulation

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Primary T cell were isolated from unidentified donors through New York Blood Center. Consenting is not applicable. Isolation was done using RosetteSep (StemCell) followed by Ficoll-Paque. The cells were maintained in enriched media (Hepes 25 mM, sodium pyruvate 100 mM, 1% nonessential amino acids, and 1% l-glutamine) at 5% CO2 and at 37 °C. Primary murine splenocytes were isolated by mechanical disruption of spleens from 10 to 12 week-old mice to generate a single cell suspension. Primary murine CD8+ T cells were isolated from spleens of 10–12 week-old mice by CD8+ negative selection (StemCell). Jurkat T cells were obtained from the ATCC and maintained in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% Pen/Strep (10,000 U/ml stock). Constructs were introduced into the cells by nucleofection (Lonza), efficiency of 50–70%. Cells were stimulated at a 1:3 ratio with magnetic beads conjugated with anti-CD3 (UCHT1; R&D) and IgG1 (R&D) or with anti-CD3 and PDL2-IgG1 (R&D) or with anti-CD3 and PDL1-IgG1 (R&D)33 (link). magnetic beads (Invitrogen) were coated with anti-CD3 (25%) and PDL2-Ig or PDL1-Ig fusion protein (50%); control IgG comprised the remaining total protein.
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