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Goat anti rabbit igg conjugated with horseradish peroxidase

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Goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase is a secondary antibody used in various immunoassays and immunohistochemical techniques. It binds to rabbit primary antibodies and is conjugated with the horseradish peroxidase enzyme, which can be used to generate a colorimetric or chemiluminescent signal for detection purposes.

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8 protocols using goat anti rabbit igg conjugated with horseradish peroxidase

1

Quantitative Western Blot Analysis

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Proteins in plant extracts were analysed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis in 12% gel using a Mini-Protean cell (Bio-Rad, USA) and transferred to 0.45-μm nitrocellulose membrane. Blots were incubated for 2 h in a blocking buffer and then overnight with polyclonal rabbit antibody raised to tomato GSNOR in 1:1000 dilution28 (link), or anti-APX polyclonal rabbit antibody in 1:2000 dilution (Agrisera, Sweden). The membranes were washed six times for 10 min in 0.1% Tween-20 in TBS and then incubated for 2 h with goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) in 1:10,000 dilution. The membranes were washed for 1 h in 0.1% Tween-20 in TBS and then incubated for 5 min with a Western blotting luminol reagent (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA). The chemiluminescence was detected with a photographic film (GE Healthcare, USA). Chemiluminescence signal intensities were assessed using ImageJ 1.33 software (National Institute of Health, USA).
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Viral Proteins

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Total proteins were extracted from tobacco leaves and separated on 12 % SDS–PAGE gels, then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Pall Gelman, New York, USA) (Sun and Suzuki, 2008 (link)). Blotted membranes were probed with the rabbit polyclonal antiserums against PVY CP or GFP prepared in the Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, and then with goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Detection was carried out with the SuperSignal™ West Dura Extended Duration Substrate solution (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The intensity of each band was evaluated using the ImageJ software (Wyrsch et al., 2015 (link)). The experiments were repeated three times.
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3

Quantification of Drug Metabolism Enzymes

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TAF and tenofovir were purchased from Ark Pharm (Illinois, USA). The internal standard Tenofovir-d5 was from Toronto Research Chemicals (Toronto, Canada). The antibody against glyceradehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was from Abeam (Cambridge, UK). The preparation of the antibodies against CES1 and CES2 was described elsewhere [49 (link)]. The goat anti-rabbit-IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase was from Sigma (Saint Louis, MO). Human livers were from Sekisui XenoTech (Kansas, KS). DMEM (Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium), ITS (insulin–transferrin–selenium), penicillin streptomycin solution (100x) were from Corning (Glendele, AZ). Nile Red reagent was from Acros Organics (New Jersey, USA). Unless otherwise specified, all reagents were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA).
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4

Quantitative Western Blot Analysis

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Cells or mitochondrial extract were lysed by the Laemmli sample buffer as previously described [19 (link),20 (link)]. The proteins were resolved by SDS/PAGE and detected by Western blot as previously described [20 (link)]. Briefly, after SDS/PAGE, the separated proteins were transferred on to PVDF membrane and probed with rabbit anti-UCP2 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Specific reactions were detected using goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (Sigma) and revealed by a chemiluminescence substrate. The membrane was also blotted with GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) antibody (Santa Cruz) to confirm equal protein loading. The chemiluminescence signal was recorded by the ChemiDoc XRS imaging system (Bio-Rad Laboratories). The luminescence signal was captured and analysed by using the Quantity One Program (Version 4.6).
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5

Immunoassay Reagent Procurement

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Goat anti-human IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase was obtained from Beckman Coulter (Krefeld, Germany), rabbit anti-bovine casein was obtained from GeneTex Inc. (Irvine, CA, USA), goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase was obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (product number A0545 Munich, Germany), goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with fluoresceine isothiocyanate (FITC) was obtained from Bethly (Montgomery, TX, USA), restriction endonucleases were purchased from New England Biolabs (Ipswich, MA, USA), 3,3′,5,5′tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (Munich, Germany). Maxisorp® microplates were purchased from Nunc (Langenselbold, Germany).
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6

Tan IIA-Mediated Apoptosis Signaling

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The tumor masses and 143B cells cultured with or without Tan IIA were harvested and total cell protein was extracted using whole cell lysis buffer. The protein concentrations were determined by the Bradford method (Bio-Rad, CA, USA). Samples with equal amount of protein were subjected to 8–15% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and transferred onto a polyvinylidenedifluoride (PVDF) (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) membrane. The membrane was incubated at room temperature in blocking solution (10% nonfat milk) for 1 h followed by incubation for 2 h in blocking solution containing an appropriate dilution (1:1000) of rabbit anti-cleaved caspase-3, -cleaved caspase-8, -cleaved caspase-9, -Bax, -Bcl-2, Bad, -Bak, -Mnf1, -Mnf2, -Opa1, or -Drp1 antibody (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA). After washing, the membrane was incubated in PBS containing goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 1 h. The membrane was washed and autoradiography of the membranes was processed using an enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) system (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Pittsburgh, PA, USA). Membranes were exposed to Fuji medical X-ray film (Fuji Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) for 30 min. The β-actin expression was used as the internal control.
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7

SDS-PAGE and Western Blot Analysis of Bacterial Proteins

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For the analysis of whole-cell extracts, 5 ml of PPLO cultures were grown overnight with shaking at 37°C or supernatants from adherence assay were adjusted to 1 ml of culture with an optical density (OD600) of 1.0, harvested by centrifugation and lysed by heating at 95°C for 5 min in 200 μl of loading buffer (Laemmli, 1970 (link)). Whole-cell extracts from equivalent cell numbers were resolved by SDS-PAGE and endogen chaperone DnaK was used as a loading control. Twenty-five microliter aliquots were loaded into SDS-PAGE gels. Gels were run at 100 V for 2 h at room temperature. For the WB, proteins separated by electrophoresis were transferred to PDVF membranes at 21 V for 1 h. The blots were blocked with PBS containing 0.1% (vol/vol) Tween 20 and 5% milk. Blocked membranes were reacted for 1 h with anti-CS21 or anti-DnaK antibodies (MBL International, MA, USA) in PBS-Tween 0.1%, washed 3 times with PBS-Tween 0.1% and incubated for 1 h with goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (Sigma-Aldrich-Co, MO, USA). The membranes were washed and revealed by chemiluminescence (ECL) (Amersham Life Science, Ill, USA).
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8

Evaluating LTB Protein Immunogenicity via Ganglioside Binding

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The ability of LTB protein to bind to gangliosides is indication of immunogenecity. 7, 8, 10 The microwell plate was coated with 100 μl/well of 3 μg/ml GM1 ganglioside (Sigma-Aldrich) in bicarbonate buffer, pH 9.6 at 4°C overnight. After three washes with PBST, the wells were blocked with 1% BSA in 0.01M PBS (300 µl/well) at 37°C for 2 h. The wells were washed three times with PBST and then incubated with the protein extract (100 μl/well) from the LTB transgenic carrot hairy roots for 2 h at 37°C. The wells were coated with 100 μl/well of 3.0 μg/ml BSA as a control. For the primary and secondary antibody treatments, the wells were incubated with a 1:5000 dilution of rabbit anti-LTB antibody (Sigma-Aldrich) (100 μl/well) in 0.01M PBS containing 0.5% BSA for 2 h at 37°C and washed four times with PBST. Subsequently, the wells were incubated with a 1:10000 dilution of goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (Sigma-Aldrich) (100 μl/ well) in 0.01M PBS containing 0.5% BSA for 2 h at 37°C and washed four times with PBST. Finally, the plate was incubated with100 μl/well TMB substrates (Sigma-Aldrich) for 30 min at RT in the dark. After incubation, the reaction was measured at an absorbance of 620 nm in an automated ELISA system (BioEra).
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