obtained on 400 or 500 MHz spectrometers (Varian) and are reported
in ppm relative to TMS and referenced to the solvent in which the
spectra were collected. Solvent was removed by rotary evaporation
under reduced pressure, and anhydrous solvents were obtained commercially
and used without further drying. Purification by CombiFlash silica
gel chromatography was performed using EtOAc–hexanes solvent
systems. Preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was
conducted using a Waters Prep LC4000 system having photodiode array
detection and a Phenomenex C18 column (Cat. No. 00G-4436-P0-AX,
250 × 21.2 mm 10 μm particle size, 110 Å pore) at
a flow rate of 10 mL/min. Binary solvent systems consisting of A =
0.1% aqueous TFA and B = 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile were employed with
gradients as indicated. Products were obtained as amorphous solids
following lyophilization. Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric
(ESI-MS) was acquired with an Agilent LC/MSD system equipped with
a multimode ion source. Purities of samples subjected to biological
testing were assessed using this system and shown to be ≥95%.
High resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were acquired with a LTQ-Orbitrap-XL
at 30K resolution by LC/MS-ESI.