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4 protocols using n butyryl l homoserine lactone c4 hsl

1

Synthesis and Purification of Gold Nanoparticles

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Tetrachloroauric(III) acid trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O), trisodium citrate dihydrate, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA, average Mw 100 000–200 000), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 28%) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 98%) were supplied by Aldrich. N-(3-Oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL), acetylsalicylic acid (SA), (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone (C30), HIS-Select HF Nickel affinity gel and modifying enzymes were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. N-Butyryl-l-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) was from Cayman Chemical. Restriction enzymes were supplied by New England Biolabs. Disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS) and Zeba Spin desalting columns, 7k MWCO, were from Pierce. Other reagents as salts, buffers and enzymes were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich or Merck. All chemicals were used as received. Pure grade ethanol and Milli-Q water were used as solvents. DNA treatment with restriction enzymes, ligation and transformation of E. coli were performed using standard methods. For DNA isolation, the Spin Miniprep Kit (Qiagen) was used and DNA fragments were excised and purified from agarose gels using the PCR purification kit (Qiagen).
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2

Fusion-RBP Plasmid Construction

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Fusion-RBP plasmids were constructed as previously reported21 (link). Briefly, RBP sequences lacking a stop codon were amplified via PCR off either Addgene or custom-ordered templates. Both RBPs presented (PCP and QCP) were cloned into the RBP plasmid between restriction sites KpnI and AgeI (NEB, catalog: #R3142L and #R3552L respectively), immediately upstream of an mCherry gene lacking a start codon, under the so-called RhlR promoter containing the rhlAB las box31 (link) and induced by N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) (Cayman Chemicals, Ann Arbor, Michigan. #10007898). The backbone contained either an Ampicillin (Amp) or Kanamycin (Kan) resistance gene, depending on experiment.
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3

Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Factors

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Flagellin purified from P. aeruginosa was purchased from InvivoGen. DOTAP liposomal transfection reagent was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ATP, nigericin, pyocyanin, and proteinase K were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL) and N-butyryl-l-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) were obtained from Cayman. Antibodies were acquired to detect mouse caspase-1 (Adipogen, 20B-0042), mouse IL-1β (R&D, AF-401-NA), mouse IL-6 (Cell Signaling, 12912), mouse NLRP3 (Adipogen, 20B-0014), mouse ASC (Santa Cruz, SC-22514-R), and Flagellin (InvivoGen, mabg-flapa).
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4

Synthesis and Characterization of AHLs

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Unless otherwise noted, all chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical col (St. Louis, MO), and all enzymes used for cloning were purchased from New England BioLabs (Beverly, MA). The lactones assayed as substrates, γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and tert-butyl(tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl)carbamate (t-BOC-HSL), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). N-Butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) and N-3-oxo-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C8-HSL) were from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI). N-Pentanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C5-HSL), N-hexanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), N-heptanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C7-HSL), N-octanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL), N-decanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL), N-dodecanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL), and N-cinnamoyl-(S)-HSL (C-HSL) were synthesized from (S)-α-amino-γ-butyrolactone hydrochloride and the corresponding acyl chloride similar to the methods described previously.14 (link), 18 (link) Substrate stock solutions were prepared in methanol, with the final assay mixtures containing 1% methanol cosolvent.
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