Rilpivirine

Control compounds such as nevirapine (NVP), efavirenz (EFV), and azidothymidine (AZT) were obtained from the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program. Raltegravir (RAL), dolutegravir (DTG), nevirapine (NVP), indinavir (IDV), AZT, ribavirin (RBV), lopinavir (LPV), darunavir (DRV), tenofovir (TFV), lamivudine (3TC), didanosine (ddI), emtricitabine (FTC), abacavir (ABC), efavirenz (EFV), etravirine (ETV), rilpivirine (RPV), and elvitegravir (EVG) were purchased from Selleck Chemicals.

Plasma samples from HIV-1 infected patients were provided by the center of disease prevention and control (CDC), Shenzhen, China. All patients had been treated with antiviral drugs in the past years. All participating patients signed an informed consent for sample collection and testing. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Southern Medical University (permit numbers: NFYY-2008-045), Guangzhou, China. All experiments were carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines.
Twelve HIV-1 inhibitors were used in this study, including six nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs): Didanosine (DDI), Stavudine (D4T), Zidovudine (AZT), Zalcitabine (DDC), Emtricitabine (FTC), Abacavir Sulfate (ABC), four non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs): Nevirapine (NVP), Etravirine (ETR), Dapivirine (DPV), Rilpivirine (RPV), and two protease inhibitors (PIs): Nelfinavir (NFV) and Lopinavir (LPV), which were purchased commercially from Selleckchem (Shanghai, China).