Ethanol etoh

Nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate (Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O), iron (III) nitrate nonahydrate (Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O), Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), chloroplatinic acid hydrate (H₂PtCl₆·xH₂O), potassium thiocyanate (KSCN), sodium fluoride (NaF), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium bromide (NaBr), sodium iodide (NaI), hydrochloric acid (HCl), 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), Nafion 117 containing solution (~5% in a mixture of lower aliphatic alcohols and water) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Commercial Pt/C (20 wt.% Pt on carbon) and Ir/C (20 wt.% Ir on carbon) were purchased form Alfa Aesar. Potassium hydroxide (KOH, 99.99%) was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd). Nickel foam, carbon fiber paper (Toray 060), and Dioxide Materials Sustainion membrane (X37-60 grade T) were purchased from Suzhou sinero technology Co., LTD. Ethanol (EtOH) and methanol (MeOH) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works. All water were prepared with OmniaPure ultra-pure water system (resistivity of 18.2 MΩ cm). All chemical reagents were used as received without further purification.

1,4‐Bis(4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐4‐yl)benzene (btz) (Nanjing Mole Medical Science and Technology Co. Ltd.), nickel foam (Jilin Tianxuan Economic and Trade Co. Ltd.), NiCl₂·6H₂O (Sigma‐Aldrich, 99%), and anhydrous FeCl₂ (Energy‐Chemical, 99%) were used as received without further purification. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethanol (EtOH) were purchased from the Beijing Chemical Works. All other reagents and solvents were purchased from local commercial suppliers.