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9 protocols using potassium chloride (kcl)

1

Electrochemical Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin

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FNT (100.000%) was obtained from Accustandard (America). β-CD (98%) was purchased from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Na2HPO4·12H2O, NaH2PO4·2H2O, CH3COOH, CH3COONa·3H2O, KCl, NaCl, and ZnCl2 were of analytical grade and purchased from Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd. (Shantou, China). K3[Fe(CN)6] and K4[Fe(CN)6] were purchased from Tianjin Guangfu Technology Development Co., Ltd., (Tianjin, China). All reagents were used without further purification. Phosphate buffer solution was prepared with 0.1 M Na2HPO4·12H2O and NaH2PO4·2H2O. Acetate buffer solution was prepared with 0.1 M CH3COOH and CH3COONa·3H2O. Purified water (Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China) was used throughout.
All electrochemical experiments were finished with a CHI660E electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Chenhua Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) with a three-electrode system. GCE (diameter = 3 mm) or β-CDP/GCE was used as the working electrode, a platinum wire as the auxiliary electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as the reference electrode. The pH of the buffer solution was monitored with a pH meter (Leici PHSJ-3F, Shanghai Yishan Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China).
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2

Cellulose-based Polymer Composite Synthesis

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Microcrystalline cellulose, anhydrous ethanol, and gluconic acid sodium salt were purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation. Borax, glycerol, and sodium hydroxide were obtained from Chengdu XiYa Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. Sulfuric acid, KCl, and KH550 were supplied by Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd. Hydroxypropyl guar was provided by Sheng Li Oilfield. Deionized water made in the laboratory.
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3

Purification of Chloride Melts for Electrochemical Experiments

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The analytical grade chemicals, LiCl (Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd), KCl (Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd), YCl3 (99.9%, high Purity Chemical Co., Ltd) and PbCl2 (99.9%, Aladdin Industrial Corporation) were applied in this experiment. The anhydrous LiClKCl eutectic melts with a 45.8 : 54.2 mass ratio was located in an alumina crucible as a supporting electrolyte. Then, the melts was dehydrated by heating at 473 K more than 48 h for the sake of removing extra water. And the other impurities in chlorides solvent were eliminated by pre-electrolysis at −2.2 V (vs. Ag/Ag+) for 4 h on a W electrode before the experiments. The PbCl2 and YCl3 power were led in the melts directly as Pb(ii) and Y(iii) resources, respectively.
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4

Simulated Gastric Fluid Resistance of Salmonella

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The simulated gastric fluid (SGF)-resistance of S. Typhimurium was determined by subjecting the bacteria to SGF (pH 2.0 or 3.0) [15 (link)]. SGF consisted of 8.3 g/L proteose peptone, 0.6 g/L KH2PO4 (Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd.), 2.05 g/L NaCl, 0.37 g/L KCl (Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd.), 0.11 g/L CaCl2 (Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd.), 0.05 g/L oxgall (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1 g/L lysozyme (Solarbio, Beijing, China), and 13.3/L mg pepsin (1:3000; Solarbio, Beijing, China). Except for the oxgall, lysozyme and pepsin (sterilized by 0.25-μm filters), all the components were dissolved in deionized water and autoclaved. The solution was adjusted to pH 2 or 3, respectively, with 6.0 M HCl. Homogenized beef samples from the 405-nm LED illuminated and non-illuminated groups were transferred into SGF at a ratio of 1:9 (homogenized sample: SGF solution) and incubated with shaking (130 rpm) at 37 °C. At sampling times, each sample was serially diluted in PBS and plated on XLD-agar at 37 °C for 24 h for colony enumeration.
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5

Electrochemical Deposition of Au-Sn Alloy

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The Au–Sn alloy plating solution was obtained from Huizhou Leadao Electronic Material Co., Ltd (Huizhou, China, website: http://www.leadao.cn). HCl (36%), H2O2 (30%), KOH, and KCl, were purchased from Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd (Guangzhou, China). H2PtCl6, D-(+)-glucose, uric acid (UA), ascorbic acid (AA) and 4-acetamidophenol (AP) were purchased from Aladdin. All other chemicals used in this work were of analytical grade and used without further purification.
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of Mg(OH)2

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KCl and NaCl were procured from Xilong Science Co, LTD. Purified water was prepared in the laboratory. Mg(OH)2 with large particles was produced by the magnesium industry in western Qinghai was used as the raw material; its morphology, particle size distribution, and crystal phase composition are shown in Fig. 1.
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7

Electrochemical Sensor for Biomolecule Detection

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Potassium ferricyanide and potassium ferrocyanide were purchased from Aladdin Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). KCl, NaOH and NaCl were ordered from Xilong Chemical Co. Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). HAuCl4·3H2O, vitamin C (VC) and Nafion were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Uric acid (UA), and dopamine (DA) were received from Maclean Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). d-(+)-Glucose and human serum were bought from Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Eggshell membrane (EMS) used in this work was got from the canteen at Hainan University. Deionized water was prepared from the Millipore water purification system (18.2 MΩ cm, Milli-Q) and used to prepare all solutions. All of other reagents were of analytical grade.
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8

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanomaterials

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NAC, Na2HPO4, KH2PO4, CaCl2 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent limited Co., Ltd. Na2S∙9H2O, NaOH, NH4Cl, BaCl2, KCl, MnCl2, NaCl, Al2(SO4)3∙18H2O, CdCl2, FeCl3, AgNO3 were purchased from Xilong Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. CuCl2∙2H2O was purchased from Nanzhao Xinghua Chemical Factory. Na2CO3 was obtained from Guangdong chemical Reagent Engineering-technological Research and Development Center. HAuCl4∙4H2O was obtained from Shanghai Tuosi Co. Ltd. Al(NO3)3∙9H2O was obtained from Tianjin GUANGFU Fine Chemical Research Institute. HgCl2 was purchased from Tongren Guizhou chemical reagent Factory. NAC was of Biological reagent grade and other chemicals were of analytical reagent grade, all reagents were used without further purification. All the solutions were prepared in three levels of purified water.
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9

Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay Protocol

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Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), glycine, urea, 5,5′-Dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), and bile salts were purchased from Solarbio. (Beijing, China). Salivary amylase (12 U/mg), pepsin (3 U/mg), and Trypsin (250 U/mg) in pancreatin were obtained from Yuan Ye Biotechnology Corporation. (Shanghai, China). Potassium bromide was purchased from Macklin Biochemicals Co. (Shanghai, China). NaOH, HCl, Petroleum ether, Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), KCl, KH2PO4, NaHCO3, NaCl, MgCl2, (NH4)2CO3, and CaCl2 were purchased from Xilong Science Co. (Guangdong, China). All the other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade and available commercially.
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