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Elisa kit

Manufactured by RayBiotech
Sourced in United States, China, Gabon, Germany, United Kingdom

ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kits are laboratory tools used for the detection and quantification of specific proteins, hormones, or other biomolecules in a sample. These kits utilize the principle of antigen-antibody interaction and enzyme-catalyzed color development to provide a reliable and sensitive means of analysis.

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439 protocols using elisa kit

1

Serum Biomarker Quantification Protocol

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Serum RAGE level was determined using ELISA kits supplied by RayBiotech, Inc., sRAGE was detected using ELISA kits supplied by AVISCERA BIOSCIENCE INC., TNF-α level was detected using ELISA kits supplied by RayBiotech, Inc. and VCAM level was detected using ELISA kits supplied by RayBiotech, Inc.
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2

Measurement of GLP-1, PYY, Insulin, and Glucagon via ELISA

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The ELISA kit for measurement of total GLP-1 in the forms of GLP-1(7–37), GLP-1(7–36)amide, and GLP-1(9–36)amide (EIAM-GLP1) was from RayBiotech (Peachtree Corners, GA). This anti-GLP-1 polyclonal antiserum recognizes an epitope within the proglucagon sequence (Uniprot P01275) corresponding to amino acid residues 108–128. It includes a portion of the mid-region of GLP-1 and extends to the C-terminus GRG residues found in GLP-1(7–37). ELISA kits for measurement of PYY(1–36) (peptide tyrosine tyrosine 1–36; EIAM-PYY) or insulin (ELM-Insulin) were from RayBiotech. The ELISA kit (27702) for measurement of active GIP(1–42) (glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide) was from IBL-America (Minneapolis, MN). Glucagon was detected using an ELISA kit (10–1281-01) from Mercodia (Winston-Salem, NC).
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3

Biomarker Assays in Autism and PNMS

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SHBG, estradiol, free testosterone, and total testosterone biomarker assays were performed in 96 well plates; plate loading occurred through an automated liquid handling system (Gilson Pipetmax). Commercially available ELISA kits were used per the manufacturer’s instructions, except where noted. Abcam (Boston, MA) ELISA kits measured estradiol, total testosterone, free testosterone; RayBiotech (Norcross, GA) ELISA kits measured SHBG. Estradiol required a 1:2 dilution in assay buffer to ensure samples fell within the dynamic range of the standard curve. Samples were tested in two batches with data from term offspring in the first batch reported in the pilot study [30 (link)]. Both term and preterm autism+ /PNMS+ samples (n = 30) were tested in the first batch along with term samples for autism-/PNMS- (n = 11), autism-/PNMS+ (n = 8), and autism+ /PNMS- (n = 28) samples. The samples in the second batch corresponded to both term and preterm pregnancies with the following autism and exposure status distribution: autism-/PNMS- (n = 25), autism-/PNMS+ (n = 24), and autism+ /PNMS- (n = 10).
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4

Gastroprotective Evaluation of Plant Extracts

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The total alcohol extracts of C. dioscoridis and S. irio (250 and 500 mg/kg) were administrated to four groups of animals (n = 6). Three other groups of animals were used, two received water orally and the third received oral lansoprazole (30 mg/kg) to serve as normal control, ulcer control and standard groups respectively. All medications were administrated for 3 successive days. One hour after the last dose, peptic ulcer was induced by oral administration of absolute ethanol (1 ml/200 g/kg). All rats were sacrificed by an overdose of chloroform, the stomachs were rapidly removed, blood samples were collected and different biomarkers were measured.

Determination of gastric thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) or (Malondialdehyde; MDA) content, using a kit supplied by Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals, USA.

Determination of gastric sulfhydryl compound (reduced glutathione GSH) content, using a kit supplied by Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals, USA.

Determination of serum gastrin level, using ELISA kit supplied by Ray Biotech, Inc., USA.

Determination of plasma TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor- alpha), using ELISA kit supplied by Ray Biotech, Inc., USA.

Determination of basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF), using ELISA kit supplied by Glory Science Co., Ltd, USA.

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5

Quantifying Vitreous Biomarkers

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NLRP3, VASH2, VEGF-B, and CTGF in the vitreous samples were evaluated using Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (MyBioSource ELISA kit, San Diego, CA, and RayBiotech ELISA kit, Norcross, GA) according to each manufacturer's protocol. After color development, the optical density was assayed at 450 nm using a Varioskan flash multifunction plate reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). This experiment was independently repeated three times.
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6

Quantifying Inflammatory Cytokines in Tissue

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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was estimated in tissue homogenates using Sigma-Aldrich ELISA kit (USA), while interleukin-6 (IL-6) content was determined by RayBio ELISA kit (USA), according to the instructions of the manufacturer.
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7

Cytokine Analysis in EDTA Blood

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Blood samples were collected at 37°C by venipuncture from EDTA-anticoagulated blood samples. For subsequent analysis of cytokines, the collected serum was separated, aliquoted, and stored at −80°C. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of the following cytokines according to the manufacturer's instructions (RayBiotech ELISA Kits, RayBiotech Life, Georgia, USA): proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-22, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-β1).
Informed oral consent was obtained from all participants in the study. Moreover, the study was approved by the local ethical committee of Mansoura University.
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8

Quantification of Alzheimer's Biomarkers

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Levels of Aβ, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 78 KDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP-78), phosphorylated PKR-like ER kinase (p-PERK)—C/EBP homologous protein (p-PERK/CHOP), and Beclin-1 were measured in brain tissue homogenate using ELISA kits (catalog numbers MBS702915, MBS494147, MBS807895, MBS251116, MBS3808179, and MBS901662, respectively) provided by My BioSource, Inc., San Diego, USA. Ray Biotech ELISA kits (product numbers ELR-IL1b and RTA00) were used to estimate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in brain tissue homogenate, respectively. Rat β-catenin ELISA Kit (K3383, Biovision Inc.) and Wnt Family Member 3A (Wnt3a) (orb555678, Biorbyt Ltd., Cambridge, UK) were used to assess their brain concentrations according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. ACHE activity was detected by the ELISA kit (MAK119) provided by Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). The quantitative sandwich ELISA method was used consistently with the manufacturer’s instructions.
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9

Plasma Inflammatory and Immune Markers

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The plasma inflammatory and MT markers TNFR-I, TNFR-II and sCD14 were measured using RayBio Tech ELISA kits, (RayBiotech, Inc., GA) after appropriate dilution of the plasma according to manufacturer’s protocol. Cytokines IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-17, IFN-α2, IFN-γ and TNF-α levels were determined in undiluted plasma using Milliplex cytokine magnetic bead panel in the Magpix instrument (Luminex Corporation). These markers were selected based on their known association with systemic inflammation and immune activation. Median fluorescent intensities (MFI) were analyzed and cytokine levels were expressed as pg/mL. LPS was measured in plasma samples using the Limulus amebocyte lysate chromogenic endpoint assay (Lonza, MD, USA).
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10

Quantifying Inflammatory Mediators

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Protein extraction was identical to that for immunoblotting and detailed in SI, Materials and Methods. Protein extracts were assayed with ELISA kits (Raybiotech, Norcross, GA, USA) for MCP-1 (Cat. #ERC-MCP-1-CL), TNF-α (Cat. #ELM-TNFa-CL-1), or pIRF3 (Cat. #PEL-IRF3-S386) as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Results are expressed as picograms/milligram total protein (pg/mg) or relative units/milligram total protein (RU/mg).
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