1 2 dichloroethane

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene (≥99.5%), 1,1,2-trichloroethene (99.5%), trans-1,2-dichloroethene (trans-1,2-DCE; ≥98%), 1,1-dichloroethene (1,1-DCE; ≥99%), cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE; ≥97%), 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA; ≥99%) and vinyl chloride (VC; 100 μg/mL in methanol) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). All other chemicals used to prepare analytical standards or feed solutions were analytical reagent grade.
Two milliliters of liquid samples obtained from the cathode chambers were immediately transferred to sealed 10 mL bottles filled with the high purity N₂ gas (≥99.99%). The bottles were placed in a 25°C shaker for 30 min to reach the equilibrium. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds including PCE, TCE, trans-1,2-DCE, 1,1-DCE, cis-1,2-DCE, 1,2-DCA, and VC in the headspace (8 mL) were determined using a gas chromatograph (Agilent 7890A, Palo Alto, CA, United States) equipped with a 63Ni electron capture detector and DB-1301 column (30 m × 250 μm × 0.25 μm, Agilent). Ethene and methane were determined using a gas chromatograph (Agilent 7890A, Palo Alto, CA, United States) equipped with flame ionization detector (FID) and HP-5 column (30 m × 250 μm × 0.25 μm, Agilent). Headspace concentrations were converted to aqueous-phase using tabulated Henry’s law constants (Chen et al., 2018 (link)).

All chemicals, if not specified otherwise, were used as received without further purification. Poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenyleneoxide) (PPO) (M_n = 20,000, Đ = 2.5) was purchased from Polysciences Inc. and dried under vacuum at 60 °C overnight before use. Methanol (99.9%), ethanol (99.9%) and chloroform (99.8%) were purchased from Fisher Scientific. N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) (99%), 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) (98%), tetrahydrofuran (THF, ACS, >99%), diethyl ether (>99%), chloroform-d (CDCl₃-d, 99.9% D), Irgacure^® 2959, D₂O (99.9% D) and 1,2-dichloroethane (99.8%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Dimethyl sulfoxide-d₆ (DMSO-d₆, 99.9%), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, reagent grade) were supplied from Acros Organics. Chlorobenzene (ACS reagent, ≥99.5%), diallymethylamine (97%) and piperidine (≥99%) were bought from ABCR GmbH. Allyl bromide (98%) and allyl chloride (98%) were bought from Alfa Aesar. The electrolytes MV and TMA-TEMPO were provided by JenaBatteries GmbH (Jena, Germany). FAA-3-50^® was purchased from Fumatech BWT GmbH (Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany).

TiO₂ P25 (>99.5 %, 21 nm primary particle size), benzene, dimethoxymethane, 2,4‐diamino‐6‐phenyl‐1,3,5‐triazine, aniline, 1,2‐dichloroethane, N,N‐dimethylformamide and iron(III) chloride were all purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. 4,4′‐bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI) UK and methanol (reagent grade) was purchased from VWR. All reagents were used as received. All gases were purchased from BOC.