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18 protocols using pcmv vsv g plasmid

1

Lentiviral vector production in HEK293T cells

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HEK293T cells were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS and penicillin/streptomycin solution (all obtained from Invitrogen). Viral vectors were assembled as described in ref. 44 (link). pCMVΔ8.2R viral packaging plasmid and pCMV VSVG plasmid were obtained from Addgene. pUCHR_inLuc genomic plasmid was a kind gift of Dr. D. Mazurov. Viral stocks were concentrated by centrifugation at 30000 g and resuspended in PBS. p24 was assayed using the HIV-1 p24-antigen IFA kit (Vector Best).
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2

Lentiviral Production and Titration in HEK293T Cells

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For lentivirus production, Human Embryonic Kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (Gibco) with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco). HEK293Ts were transfected at 70–90% confluency with 10 μg CROP-seq gRNA plasmid, 10 μg Gag-pol expression plasmid (psPax2, gift from Didier Trono, Addgene plasmid #12260), and 1 μg pCMV-VSV-G plasmid (gift from Bob Weinberg, Addgene plasmid #121669) using polyethylenimine (PEI, Polysciences Inc.) at a 3:1 PEI:plasmid ratio. Approximately 6–8 hours after transfection, the medium was aspirated from cells and replaced with Opti-Mem (Gibco). Supernatant containing lentivirus was collected 48 hours after transfection, the medium was replaced, and medium was collected once more after an additional 48 hours. Viral supernatants were filtered through a 0.45 μm PES membrane bottle top filter (Thermo Fisher) and then concentrated with Lenti-X Concentrator (Takara) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Purified and concentrated lentivirus was used immediately or stored at −80° C. Lentivirus was titered by counting the number of initially transduced cells, adding serial dilutions of lentivirus to primary human T cells, and measuring the percentage of GFP+ cells after three days (only in conditions with <30% GFP+ cells to ensure a majority were single transduction events).
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3

Lentiviral Particle Generation and Transduction

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To generate lentiviral particles, 8 × 105 293 T cells in a 6-cm dish were cotransfected with 2 μg of HIV-1 packaging plasmid pCMVΔ8.2 R (Addgene number 12263); 0.5 μg of the pCMV-VSV-G plasmid (Addgene number 8454) expressing protein G from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G); and 3 μg of one of the pUCHR transfer vector constructed as described in the previous paragraph. Transfection was performed for 6 h using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent (Thermo Scientific, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and then the culture medium was replaced. Supernatants containing PVs were harvested and cleared through 0.45-μm-pore-size filters at 54 h posttransfection. The 293T/CD4 or Raji/CD4 cells that we described previously (67 (link)) were first infected with PVs to express CCR5. After immunostaining with respective MAb and positive sorting, cells were transduced to express one of the gp41 peptides. Peptide-expressing cells were then sorted based on mClover fluorescence. Transductions were set up using different doses of PVs. Two to three days postinfection the levels of transduction were quantified by flow cytometry, and samples with less than 30% positive events (low MOI) were selected for sorting.
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4

Generating Stable OC2 Cell Lines

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Lentivirus were created by co-transfection of the Delta 8.9 packaging plasmid and the pCMV-VSVG plasmid (Addgene 8454) into Lenti-XTM-293T cells (Clontech) using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen). Medium was changed every 24 h, and the 48 and 72 h supernatants were filtered through a 0.45μm filter syringe for the transduction of the recipient cells. The OC2 overexpression plasmid was obtained by cloning the full-length OC2 cDNA (NM_004852) into the pLenti-C-Myc-DDK-IRES-Puro (Origene). For the knockdown of OC2, three validated shRNA clones (TRCN0000013443, TRCN0000013445, TRCN000235576) in the vector pLKO1 were purchased from Sigma. A non-mammalian shRNA Control Plasmid (TRC2-pLKO-puro non-target shRNA #1, Sigma) was used as a control. Cells were subsequently transduced in the presence of 5μg/mL of polybrene and selected on 5μg/ml puromycin to create the stable line.
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5

Generating CEM Cells with LPAP Mutants

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The CEM cells with the different LPAP mutants were generated by lentiviral transduction of CEM98 cells. For initiation of HIV-1 infection, HEK293T cells were cotransfected with 0.6 μg of HIV-1 packaging plasmid pCMVΔ8.2R (Addgene), 0.9 μg of pUCHR LPAP IRES GFP transfer vector, and 0.15 μg of pCMV-VSVG plasmid (Addgene) expressing Env G from vesicular stomatitis virus, using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogene). The next day the culture medium was replaced, and cells were grown for another 24 h. Supernatant from the 6-cm dish with transfected HEK293T cells was harvested and clarified through a 0.45 μm pore size filter (Corning). Virus-like particles (VLPs) in the supernatant were concentrated by centrifugation at 100,000 g for 2.5 h and resuspended in 0.5 mL of fresh RPMI culture medium. Freshly prepared VLPs in a volume of 1 mL were added to 1 × 105 CEM cells. Cells were grown for 4 days and sorted by GFP expression.
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6

Lentiviral Knockdown and Overexpression

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The following short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression sequences were used: DDX52, 5′-GCCAATCCAAATGCAAGCCAT-3′; c-Myc, 5′-CCCAAGGTAGTTATCCTTAAA-3′; and control, 5′-GCTCCGTGAACGGCCACGAGT-3′. These sequences were cloned into the PLKO.1 vector (10879; Addgene, Watertown, MA, USA). The overexpressed DDX52 plasmids were cloned into the pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen1 vector (Takara Bio, Shiga, Japan) via DNA assembly (#E5520; NEB, Rowley, MA, USA).
The psPAX2 plasmid (12260; Addgene) and pCMV-VSVG plasmid (8454; Addgene) in 293 T cells were transfected into HEK293T cells with PEI 25K (23966-1; Polysciences, Warring, PA, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The culture medium was collected after 48 and 72 h, and the supernatant was centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 10 min to obtain the supernatant products containing the lentivirus to transduce into the indicated cells. Puromycin (5 µg/ml) (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used to isolate the stable transformants in PC3 and 22RV1 cells.
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7

Lentiviral Overexpression of GFP, Trps1, and MGMT

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Cells overexpressing GFP, Trps1 and MGMT (referred to as Le/GFP, Le/Trps1 and Le/MGMT) were established by lentiviral transduction with each cDNA construct (pLenti‐CMV‐GFP, pLenti‐CMV‐Trps1, or pLenti‐CMV‐ MGMT). In brief, HEK‐293T cells were cotransfected with lentiviral constructs as well as helper vectors pCMV‐VSV‐G plasmid (Addgene) and pCMV‐dR8.2 dvpr plasmid (Addgene). The viral supernatant fraction was collected at 48 h and 72 h after transfection. H446 and H446/CDDP cells were infected with lentiviral particles for 24 h and then selected with puromycin over 1 week. Plasmids were transected using effectene transfection reagent (QIAGEN, Germantown, MD) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
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8

Cloning SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein for Expression

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Original sequence SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (GenBank NC_045512.2) was amplified from puno1-SARS2-S plasmid (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA, USA) and cloned into pSelect gfp plasmid (InvivoGen) BamH1 using Gibson assembly (GA) with the following primers: sprot_fwdgfp: agatcaccggcgtgtcgacgATGTTTGTTTTTCTTGTTTTATTGC and sprot_revgfp: cccatggctgcagagcgctgTTATGTGTAATGTAATTTGACTCCTTTG.
For construct stability, we used NEB stable cells according to manufacturing protocol with small changes (transformation outgrowth performed at room temperature for 2 days. Routine E. coli cultures were grown at 30 °C).
The control pCMV-VSV-G plasmid, lentiviral packaging, and transfer plasmid psPAX2, plenti-CMV-gfp, and pLenti-CMV-luc were obtained from Addgene (Watertown, MA, USA).
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9

SARS-CoV-2 and VSV-G Pseudovirus Generation and Neutralization Assay

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To generate SARS-CoV-2 or VSV-G pseudovirus particles, suspension cultures of 293T cells were seeded onto a 10 cm dish and transfected with 10 µg of pLVPG (kindly provided by I.V. Zvyagin, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia) plasmid, 8 µg of pCMV-deltaR8.2 plasmid (Addgene, #12263) and 5 µg of pVAX-1-S-glycoprotein (Evrogen, Moscow, Russia) or pCG1-SARS-2-S-delta 18 UK variant or pCG1-SARS-2-S-delta 18 South Africa variant plasmids (kindly provided by Prof. Stefan Pöhlmann) or pCMV-VSV-G plasmid (Addgene, #8454) using Transporter™ 5 transfection reagent. 72 h after transfection the supernatant was harvested, clarified by centrifugation and passing through a 0.45 µm pore size filter, aliquoted and frozen at – 80 °C.
To evaluate the pseudovirus neutralization activity, HDP-2 was incubated with an equal volume of pseudovirus at 37 °C. Then the mixture was transferred to pre-plated 293T/ACE2 cell monolayers in 96-well plates. After incubation for 72 h, the fluorescence of GFP positive cells was determined using a microplate reader (Hidex Sense Beta Plus, Hidex, Turku, Finland).
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10

TTLL6 and CDDP Knockdown/Overexpression Cells

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TTLL6/CDDP knockdown/overexpression stable cell lines were established by lentiviral transduction with indicated constructs. In brief, vectors pCMV-VSV-G plasmid (Addgene), pCMV-dR8.2 dvpr plasmid (Addgene) and pLenti-CMV-CHOP/pLKO.1-TTLL6-shRNA were co-transfected into HEK-293T packaging cells. After 48 hours incubation, the viral supernatant fraction was collected. Then, cells were infected with lentiviral particles for 24 hours following with over one week of puromycin selection. Plasmids were transected using Effectene Transfection Reagent (QIAGEN) according to the manufacturer's protocol.
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