The solution NMR samples prepared for pH titrations were made in a volume of 375 µL to account for negotiable sample loss during adjustment of the pH. The pH was monitored before and after the experiment and found to fluctuate by ±0.01. Solution NMR experiments were performed on an Agilent
DD2 600 MHz spectrometer with an
HCN 5 mm triple resonance z-axis PFG room temperature probe. For the pH titrations,
1H/
13C SOFAST-HMQC experiments
12 (link) were acquired at 15 °C and 25 °C using a spectral width for
1H and
13C was 12019.2 Hz (83.2 msec acquisition time) and 4000 Hz (27.5 msec, evolution time), respectively and a recycle delay of 1 sec. The complete pH titration curve was collected over ~1–2 days and residues showing significant chemical shift perturbations (
1H > 0.03 ppm and
13C > 0.1 ppm) were globally fit using
Eqn 1, where δ
HA and δ
A− are the chemical shifts for the protonated and deprotonated transporter, respectively, while δ is the observed chemical shift at the different pH values.
The chemical shift perturbation between protonated and deprotonated EmrE at Glu-14 (Δδ) in the
13C (Δδ
C) and
1H (Δδ
H) dimensions of the methyl spectra were calculated using a
13C scaling factor of 0.184 with the equation below.
Methyl T
1zz exchange spectra were acquired with a mixing time 300 ms and a recycle delay of 1 sec.
Gayen A., Leninger M, & Traaseth N.J. (2016). Protonation of a Glutamate Residue Modulates the Dynamics of the Drug Transporter EmrE. Nature chemical biology, 12(3), 141-145.