LM9 was synthesized with a purity over 97% in our laboratory. PA was solubilized in low-endotoxin bovine serum albumin (BSA) (5%) at a final concentration of 5 mM. PA and BSA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The MTT assay kit and oil red O staining kit (for cultured cells) were acquired from Solarbio (Beijing, China). Antibodies were purchased from the following suppliers: anti-lamin B1 (ab133741), anti-IκB alpha (ab133462), anti-Ly6G (ab25377), anti-TNF-α (ab6671), anti-collagen I (ab6308), and anti-collagen IV (ab6586) were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Anti-TLR4 (sc-293072) and anti-TGF-β (sc-130348) were obtained from Santa Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA). Anti-FLAG (SAB4200071) and anti-HA (MFCD00803873) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Anti-ICAM-1 (Cat# 60299-1-Ig) was obtained from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). Two plasmids encoding pCMV-HA-MyD88 and Flag-MyD88 were obtained from Sino Biological Inc. (Beijing, China).
ELISA kits for mouse TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Nuclear and cytoplasmic protein extraction kits were from KeyGEN Biotech (Nanjing, China). PrimeScript™ RT reagent Kit with gDNA Eraser (Perfect Real Time) was purchased from Takara Bio (RR047A, Shiga, Japan).
ELISA kits for mouse TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Nuclear and cytoplasmic protein extraction kits were from KeyGEN Biotech (Nanjing, China). PrimeScript™ RT reagent Kit with gDNA Eraser (Perfect Real Time) was purchased from Takara Bio (RR047A, Shiga, Japan).