Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA, 4,4′-Isopropylidenebis (2,6-dibromophenol), 97% purity, CAS 79-94-7) used in the degradation study was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, US). TBBPA stock solutions (0.4 g/l) were prepared in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade acetone. For LC-MS/MS analysis, TBBPA for calibration standards was purchased from Wellington Laboratories (Guelph, Canada). Bisphenol A (BPA; CAS 80-05-7) used for LC-MS/MS analysis was purchased from AccuStandard (New Haven, CT, US). Mono, di and tri-bromobisphenol A (CAS 6073-11-6, 29426–78–6, and 6386-73-8, respectively) used for LC-MS/MS analysis was provided by Dr. Göran Marsh, (Stockholm University, SE). 13C12-tetrabromobisphenol A (Wellington Laboratories, Guelph, Canada) served as the internal standard used for TBBPA and lesser brominated BPAs. 13C12-BPA (Wellington Laboratories, Guelph, Canada) served as the internal standard for BPA. D8-BPA (Wellington Laboratories, Guelph, Canada) and 13C12- 6-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Tewksbury, MA, US) were used as recovery standards to assess recoveries of 13C12-BPA and 13C12-TBBPA, respectively. Solvents used for LC-MS/MS analyses were purchased from Honeywell, Burdick & Jackson Laboratories (St. Muskegon, MI, US).
Tbbpa
Manufactured by Wellington Laboratories
Sourced in Canada
TBBPA is a type of brominated flame retardant used in various industrial and consumer products. It is a chemical compound with the formula C₁₅H₁₂Br₄O₂. TBBPA is commonly used as an additive in the production of flame-retardant plastics, resins, and electrical components.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
13c12 bpa, by Cambridge Isotopes (1 mentions)
13c12 tbbpa, by Cambridge Isotopes (1 mentions)
Concentrated sulphuric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dbdpe, by Wellington Laboratories (1 mentions)
13 c 12 bde 209, by Wellington Laboratories (1 mentions)
13 c12 tbbp a, by Wellington Laboratories (1 mentions)
Hplc grade solvents, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
α hbcd, by Wellington Laboratories (1 mentions)
β hbcd, by Wellington Laboratories (1 mentions)
γ hbcd, by Wellington Laboratories (1 mentions)
3 protocols using tbbpa
1
TBBPA Degradation Study Analytical Methods
2
Quantitative Analysis of Halogenated Compounds
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HPLC-grade solvents were used for sample extraction and LC-MS/MS analysis (Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, UK). Concentrated sulphuric acid was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MA, USA). Individual α-, β-and γ-HBCDD standards, 13 C 12 α-, β-and γ-HBCDD, d 18 -γ-HBCDD, individual standards of PBDEs 17, 28, 47, 49, 77, 99, 100, 153, 154, 183,196, 197, 209 and 128, 13 C 12 -BDE-209,TBBP-A, 13 C 12-TBBP-A, PBBz, PBT, PBEB, HBB, and 13 C 6 -HBB and DBDPE were purchased from Wellington Laboratories (Guelph, ON, Canada).
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-129 was obtained from Qmx laboratories (Thaxted, UK). A certified reference material (CRM) for polypropylene (ERM-EC591), containing certified concentrations of PBDEs, was purchased from IRMM (Brussels, Belgium).
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-129 was obtained from Qmx laboratories (Thaxted, UK). A certified reference material (CRM) for polypropylene (ERM-EC591), containing certified concentrations of PBDEs, was purchased from IRMM (Brussels, Belgium).
3
Percutaneous Penetration of Brominated Flame Retardants
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According to the OECD guidelines (OECD 2004) , two different concentration levels of (I) 5 ng/µL and (II) 10 ng/µL of each of α-HBCD, β-HBCD, γ-HBCD and TBBP-A (Wellington Laboratories Inc., ON, Canada) were prepared in acetone. Based on the exposed surface area, a net dose of 500 ng/cm 2 (~7.8 µM/cm 2 ) and 1000 ng/cm 2 (~15.6 µM/cm 2 ) was applied to each of the investigated skin tissues using an appropriate volume (100 µL) of dosing solutions I and II, respectively. The applied doses fall within the range of potential human exposure to the studied BFRs via contact with indoor dust (Abdallah, et al. 2008a) . Moreover, they allow for measurement of expected low percentages (up to 0.01%) of the applied dose in various compartments of the exposure model.
To study the possible effect of the dosing vehicle on the percutaneous penetration of the tested chemicals, target BFRs were dissolved in 3 different dosing vehicles of: (A) acetone, (B) 30% acetone in water, and (C) 20% Tween 80 (Sigma-Aldrich, UK) in water at a concentration of 5 ng/µL. Preparation of the higher dosing level (i.e. 10 ng/µL) was not possible due to limited solubility of target BFRs in vehicles (B) and (C).
To study the possible effect of the dosing vehicle on the percutaneous penetration of the tested chemicals, target BFRs were dissolved in 3 different dosing vehicles of: (A) acetone, (B) 30% acetone in water, and (C) 20% Tween 80 (Sigma-Aldrich, UK) in water at a concentration of 5 ng/µL. Preparation of the higher dosing level (i.e. 10 ng/µL) was not possible due to limited solubility of target BFRs in vehicles (B) and (C).
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