After harvest, the marked area of the fruit surface was rinsed with 1% surfactant solution (Glucopon 215 UP/Mb; BASF) and blotted dry. A 12 mm diameter ES was excised from the central region of the marked area using a biopsy punch (Acuderm Inc., FL, USA). The CMs were isolated from the ES as described above. Isolated and cleaned CMs were stored in deionized water at ambient temperature until use.
Glucopon 215 up mb
Manufactured by BASF
Sourced in Germany
Glucopon 215 UP/Mb is a chemical product manufactured by BASF. It is a surfactant, a type of chemical compound that helps to reduce the surface tension of liquids.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
4 protocols using glucopon 215 up mb
1
Extracting and Storing Cuticular Membranes
2
In Vivo Isotopic Labeling of Apples
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The solutions were prepared by dissolving uniformly 13C labelled oleic acid (> 95% purity, Larodan AB, Solna, Sweden) in 0.05% surfactant solution (Glucopon 215 UP/Mb; BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) at a final concentration of 167 μM (equiv. to 50 mg L−1). Solutions were vortexed for at least 3 min immediately after preparation and again for 3 min immediately before application to the fruit surface. Donor solutions were always prepared fresh on the day of use.
The solution was applied as described earlier (Si et al., 2021a (link),b (link)). Briefly, polyethylene tubes (25 mm height, 14 mm diameter) with a tapered tip and a minute hole in the tip were mounted in the equatorial region of the apple fruit using a non-phytotoxic silicon rubber (SE 9186 RTV; Dow Toray, Tokyo, Japan). A volume of 400 μL of donor solution was injected through the hole in the tip of the tube, and the hole was sealed using silicone rubber to prevent drying of the donor solution (Figure 1A ). Feeding was terminated after 7 d when the tubes were removed. The original footprint of the tube was then marked with a permanent marker and the marked area was rinsed with deionized water. Fruits were sampled either 14 d after the termination of feeding or at commercial maturity.
The solution was applied as described earlier (Si et al., 2021a (link),b (link)). Briefly, polyethylene tubes (25 mm height, 14 mm diameter) with a tapered tip and a minute hole in the tip were mounted in the equatorial region of the apple fruit using a non-phytotoxic silicon rubber (SE 9186 RTV; Dow Toray, Tokyo, Japan). A volume of 400 μL of donor solution was injected through the hole in the tip of the tube, and the hole was sealed using silicone rubber to prevent drying of the donor solution (
3
Fatty Acid Labeling for Tracing
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Uniformly 13C-labelled oleic acid (>95% purity) and uniformly labelled palmitic acid (>98% purity) were obtained from Larodan (Larodan AB, Solna, Sweden). Donor solutions were prepared at concentrations of 300 mg L−1 in 0.05% surfactant solution (Glucopon 215 UP/MB; BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany). Immediately after preparation, the solutions were vortexed for a minimum of 3 min and again shortly before the application in the field.
4
Preparation of Radiolabeled Fatty Acid Solutions
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Donor solutions were prepared usually containing 200 mg L−1 of unlabelled (cold) oleic acid (≥99%; Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhofen, Germany) or palmitic acid (≥99%; Sigma-Aldrich). A surfactant was added at a final concentration of 0.05% (Glucopon 215 UP/MB; BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany). The solution was vortexed for at least 3 min. Thereafter, donor solutions were spiked using 14C labelled oleic acid (specific activity 2.2 GBq mmol−1, radiochemical purity > 97%; PerkinElmer, Boston, MA, USA) or palmitic acid (specific activity 2.1 GBq mmol−1, radiochemical purity ≥ 98%; Moravek Biochemicals, Brea, CA, USA). Both fatty acids were carboxyl labelled. Subsequently, solutions were again vortexed for 3 min. The stability of the donor solutions was checked by sampling the donor solutions repeatedly over time. Aliquots (10 µL) were taken and 3 mL of scintillation liquid (Ultima Gold XR; PerkinElmer, Boston, MA, USA) was added. Samples were radioassayed by liquid scintillation counting (LS 6500; Beckman Coulter Inc., Brea, CA, USA).
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