Equinox 55 ftir spectrophotometer

The Infrared spectra of LPNPs loaded norfloxacin, composed of soya lecithin (lipid), PLA (polymer), stearylamine (charge inducer), and PVA (poly vinyl alcohol, stabilizer) were analyzed by using a ATR-FTIR spectra (Bruker EQUINOX 55 FTIR spectrophotometer equipped with a liquid nitrogen cooled mercury cadmium telluride (MCT)) at room temperature (25 ± 1 °C) and a set detector of nominal resolution of 2 cm⁻¹ for each spectra. A diamond was used as an internal reflection element, placed at an incidence angle of 45°, scans 32 times and give one reflection that is equivalent to 21 resolutions. An advanced ATR correction was applied to all spectra, and the region from 4000 to 400 cm-1 was selected to run the spectra and peak fitting was done by using Opus software.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were measured using a Bruker Equinox 55 FTIR spectrophotometer. The specimens were prepared using casting pellets from sample/KBr compound. TGA and DSC were measured under N₂ flow with a heating rate of 10 °C min⁻¹. Morphologies and structures of the samples were obtained using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, 200 kV). Raman spectra were obtained by a Renishaw inVia spectrometer with a 520 nm Ar-ion laser. Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns were measured on a Bruker Focus D8 diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (40 kV, λ = 0.15418 nm) between 10° and 90°. Pore structure was determined using a Micromeritics ASAP 2020 surface area and porosity analyzer. Specific surface areas were analyzed by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory. Pore size distribution (PSD) was calculated according to the nonlocal density functional theory (NLDFT). Total pore volumes were calculated from the amount adsorbed at a relative pressure (P/P₀) of 0.99. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data were collected using a Sigma probe (Thermo VG Scientific) for analyzing the chemical structures of N-CS-IPNs.