Phenylephrine (PE, a vasoconstrictor), NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases (NOS)), bradykinin (a stimulator of NOS), indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor), ODQ (1H- (1,2,4) oxadiazolo (4,3-a) quinoxalin-1-one, a selective inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)), and zaprinast (a selective inhibitor of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterases V and VI (PDE5/6)) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Germany. All chemicals and reagents used for making physiological salt solutions and other analyses were of analytical grade. bradykinin was dissolved in 0.1 M acetic acid; indomethacin was dissolved in ethanol, while zaprinast was dissolved in DMSO at 10 mM. Unless otherwise specified, all the drugs were dissolved in distilled water [17 , 22 (link)]. Of note, all experimental solutions of drugs were made fresh daily.
1h 1 2 4 oxadiazolo 4 3 a quinoxalin 1 one odq
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) is a specific and potent inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). It functions by blocking the catalytic activity of sGC, which is the primary receptor for nitric oxide (NO).
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Indomethacin, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Glibenclamide, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Bradykinin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Phenylephrine pe, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Phenylephrine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tamoxifen, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Zaprinast, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Fluo 3 am, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Thapsigargin tg, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L name, by MedChemExpress (1 mentions)
L name, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Carbachol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nsaids, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nifedipine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Cyclopiazonic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Verapamil hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Vardenafil, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Cystamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pinacidil, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
16 protocols using 1h 1 2 4 oxadiazolo 4 3 a quinoxalin 1 one odq
1
Vasodilation and Vasoconstrictive Modulation
2
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcium Regulation
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PFI-3 (E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-((1R,4R)-2-pyridin-2-yl-2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-5-yl) prop-2-en-1-one, ODQ 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, thapsigargin (TG) and phenylephrine (PE) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Acetylcholine chloride (Ach) was purchased from Harvest Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). L-NAME, N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, glibenclamide (Gli), and tetraethylammonium (TEA) were purchased from MedChemExpress LLC (Shanghai, China). Fluo-3/AM was purchased from Life Technologies (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA). Ach, PE, physiological salt solution (PSS), and high-K+ salt solution (KPSS) were dissolved in double distilled water, and PFI-3, ODQ, L-NAME, TG, Gli and TEA were dissolved in DMSO (Tianjin Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd, Wuqing District, China). Arterial smooth muscle cells (A10) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). KPSS, was composed of (in mM): 74.4 NaCl, 60 KCl, 1.17 MgSO4 ⋅ 7H2O, 1.18 KH2PO4, 14.9 NaHCO3, 1.6 CaCl2, 5.5 D-glucose, and 0.026 EDTA. The PSS solution was composed of (in mM): 130 NaCl, 4.7 KCl, 1.17 MgSO4 ⋅7H2O, 1.18 KH2PO4, 14.9 NaHCO3, 1.6 CaCl2, and 5.5 D-glucose.
3
Pharmacological Modulation of Smooth Muscle
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Acetylcholine chloride (ACh, induces smooth muscle (SM) contraction), carbachol (CCh, induces SM contraction), L-NAME (NG-nitro-ʟ-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthases (NOS)), bradykinin (stimulator of NOS), indomethacin (cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor), and ODQ (1H-[1, 2, 4] oxadiazolo[4, 3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. All other chemicals and reagents used for making specific physiological solutions and other analyses used in this study were of analytical grade. bradykinin was dissolved in 0.1 M acetic acid concentration and ODQ in DMSO whereas indomethacin in ethanol (50 mg/mL). All other drugs were dissolved in distilled water unless otherwise stated. Worthy to mention, all the drugs were freshly made up and used on the day of the experiments.
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrobutoxy Compounds
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Unless otherwise stated, NSAIDs, together with the intermediates used in the synthesis of the nitrobutoxy compounds described below, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Poole, Dorset, UK). 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5-HT), phenylephrine (PHE), the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) and other laboratory reagents were also obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Poole, Dorset, UK).
The propionic acids, ibuprofen and flurbiprofen, are referred to as their racemic mixtures (rac). The R-(−)- and S-( +)-isomers of these drugs were gifts from Boots Healthcare International, Nottingham, UK.
The propionic acids, ibuprofen and flurbiprofen, are referred to as their racemic mixtures (rac). The R-(−)- and S-( +)-isomers of these drugs were gifts from Boots Healthcare International, Nottingham, UK.
5
Vasoactive Drugs in Pulmonary Artery
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Phenylephrine (Phe), acetylcholine (ACh), ethylene glycol-bis (β-aminoethyl ether)-N, N, N’, N’- tetraacetic acid (EGTA), 1H-[1, 2, 4] oxadiazolo[4, 3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), verapamil hydrochloride, cyclopiazonic acid and nifedipine were obtained from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, MO, USA). Vardenafil was kindly provided by Bayer Health Care AG, Leverkusen, Germany. All drugs were dissolved in distilled water, except nifedipine, Vardenafil, cyclopiazonic acid and ODQ in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Preliminary experiments showed that DMSO kept <0.2% (v/v) had no effect on tension development of isolated pulmonary artery rings.
6
Investigating Vasoactive Substances in Tissue
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Quercetin (2‐(3,4‐Dihydroxyphenyl)‐3,5,7‐trihydroxy‐4H‐1‐benzopyran‐4‐one) was purchased from abcr GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany), while Carbamylcholine chloride ((2‐Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride carbamate; carbachol), N5‐(Nitroamidino)‐L‐2,5‐diaminopentanoic acid, NG‐NO2‐L‐Arg (Nω‐Nitro‐L‐arginine, L‐NNA), NG‐Methyl‐L‐Arg (Nω‐Nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L‐NAME), cystamine, pinacidil, 1H‐[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐one (ODQ), apamin, charybdotoxin (CTX), glibenclamide, and tamoxifen were purchased from the Sigma Chemical Company, were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO).
Quercetin, ODQ, and glibenclamide were dissolved in in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) so that the final concentration of DMSO was never >0.1%, which had no effect on basal contraction. Dilution series of Quercetin were prepared on the day of experiment and were sustained at room temperature during the period of the experiment.
Stock solutions of carbachol, L‐NNA, L‐NAME, cystamine, pinacidil, apamin, CTX, and tamoxifen were prepared using bidistilled water. All substances were added directly to the organ bath containing a Tyrode's solution composed of (mmol/L): NaCl 139.6; KCl 2.68; MgCl2 1.05; NaH2PO4 1.33; CaCl2 1.80; NaHCO3 25.0; and glucose 5.55.
Quercetin, ODQ, and glibenclamide were dissolved in in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) so that the final concentration of DMSO was never >0.1%, which had no effect on basal contraction. Dilution series of Quercetin were prepared on the day of experiment and were sustained at room temperature during the period of the experiment.
Stock solutions of carbachol, L‐NNA, L‐NAME, cystamine, pinacidil, apamin, CTX, and tamoxifen were prepared using bidistilled water. All substances were added directly to the organ bath containing a Tyrode's solution composed of (mmol/L): NaCl 139.6; KCl 2.68; MgCl2 1.05; NaH2PO4 1.33; CaCl2 1.80; NaHCO3 25.0; and glucose 5.55.
7
Adipocyte Differentiation with Nitrate/Nitrite
8
Vascular Reactivity Assessment Protocol
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Modified Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer powder, phenylephrine (PE), potassium chloride (KCl), acetylcholine (ACh), Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), 1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo [4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), methylene blue (MB), indomethacin, atropine, tetraethylammonium (TEA), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), glibenclamide, serotonin hydrochloride (5-HT), angiotensin II (Ang II), calcium chloride (CaCl2), ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other reagents were of analytical purity.
9
Vasoactive Agents Protocol
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Capsaicin, capsazepine, indomethacin, glibenclamide, diazoxide, L-arginine, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), and absolute ethanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Prostaglandin analog 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (misoprostol) was purchased from Continental Pharma (Cytotec, Italy). N-Acetylcysteine was purchased from União Química (São Paulo, Brazil). All other chemicals were of analytical grade unless otherwise specified.
10
Resveratrol Vasorelaxant Mechanism Evaluation
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Resveratrol (5-[(1E)-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3,benzenediol) was purchased from abcr GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany). Carbamylcholine chloride ((2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride carbamate; carbachol), NG-Methyl-L-Arg (Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L-NAME), N5-(Nitroamidino)-L-2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, NG-NO2-L-Arg (Nω-Nitro-L-arginine, L-NNA), 1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), iberiotoxin (IbTX), charybdotoxin (ChTX), apamin, glibenclamide, N,N,N,N-Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA), 4-Aminopiridine (4AP) and tamoxifen were purchased from the Sigma Chemical Company, were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO).
Resveratrol was dissolved in 70% ethanol so that the final concentration of ethanol was never >0.1%, which did not affect basal contraction. The working solutions were prepared fresh on the day of the experiment by diluting the stock solution.
Stock solutions of carbachol, L-NNA, L-NAME, apamin, IbTX, ChTX, TEA, 4AP, and tamoxifen were prepared with bidistilled water, and glibenclamide and ODQ were dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). The given concentrations were the calculated final concentrations in the organ bath solution. All reagents were added directly to the bath fluid containing a Tyrode’s solution composed of (mmol/L): NaCl 139.6; KCl 2.68; MgCl2 1.05; NaH2PO4 1.33; CaCl2 1.80; NaHCO3 25.0; and glucose 5.55.
Resveratrol was dissolved in 70% ethanol so that the final concentration of ethanol was never >0.1%, which did not affect basal contraction. The working solutions were prepared fresh on the day of the experiment by diluting the stock solution.
Stock solutions of carbachol, L-NNA, L-NAME, apamin, IbTX, ChTX, TEA, 4AP, and tamoxifen were prepared with bidistilled water, and glibenclamide and ODQ were dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). The given concentrations were the calculated final concentrations in the organ bath solution. All reagents were added directly to the bath fluid containing a Tyrode’s solution composed of (mmol/L): NaCl 139.6; KCl 2.68; MgCl2 1.05; NaH2PO4 1.33; CaCl2 1.80; NaHCO3 25.0; and glucose 5.55.
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