PLLA (4032D, Nature Works, Minnetonka, MN, USA) [17 (link)], PO3G (Mn = 2300, DuPont Company, Wilmington, DE, USA), Citric acid monohydrate (McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China, 99.5%), 1,4-dioxane (Adamas Reagent Company, Shanghai, China), molybdenum trioxide (Adamas Reagent Company, Shanghai, China, 99.9%), and methylene chloride (DCM, Damao Chemical Reagent Factory, Tianjin, China) were used as received.
Plla 4032d
Manufactured by NatureWorks
Sourced in United States
PLLA (4032D) is a polylactic acid (PLA) resin produced by NatureWorks. It is a biodegradable and compostable thermoplastic material derived from renewable resources. The core function of PLLA (4032D) is to serve as a raw material for various manufacturing processes and applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using plla 4032d
1
Synthesis of PLLA/PO3G Bioblends
2
Graphene-Reinforced PLLA Nanocomposites
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Commercial grade PLLA (4032D),
with a D-isomer content of 2 wt % and a molar mass of 2.23 ×
105 g/mol, was obtained from NatureWorks. PEG with a molar
mass of 400, 2000, or 10 000 g/mol was purchased from Merck.
Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were purchased from Advanced Chemicals
Supplier (ACS) Material. The GNP particles included aggregates of
submicron platelets with a diameter of about 65 μm and a typical
thickness of 2–10 nm, as can be seen inFigure 1 . For graphene oxidation, sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) were used.
For the PEG-grafting reaction, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used.
For preparing PLLA nanocomposites, dimethyl formamide (DMF) was used.
All of the abovementioned solvents and powders were obtained from
Merck. 1,1′-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) used as an activation
agent in the PEG-grafting reaction was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.
with a D-isomer content of 2 wt % and a molar mass of 2.23 ×
105 g/mol, was obtained from NatureWorks. PEG with a molar
mass of 400, 2000, or 10 000 g/mol was purchased from Merck.
Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were purchased from Advanced Chemicals
Supplier (ACS) Material. The GNP particles included aggregates of
submicron platelets with a diameter of about 65 μm and a typical
thickness of 2–10 nm, as can be seen in
For the PEG-grafting reaction, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used.
For preparing PLLA nanocomposites, dimethyl formamide (DMF) was used.
All of the abovementioned solvents and powders were obtained from
Merck. 1,1′-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) used as an activation
agent in the PEG-grafting reaction was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.
3
Polymer Blend Characterization: PLLA, BioPBS, PEG
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PLLA (4032D, NatureWorks LLC, Minnetonka, MN, USA) with high stereoregularity (less than 2% d -isomer lactide) was used as the matrix polymer. It has a glass transition (Tg) at 59 °C and melting temperature (Tm) at a high temperature of 167 °C, as determined by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). It exhibits a melt flow index (MFI) of 7 g.10 min−1 (210 °C, 2.16 kg). BioPBS (FZ91PD) was from PTT MCC Biochem Co. Ltd. (Bangkok, Thailand), with Tm of 114 °C and MFI (190 °C, 2.16 kg) of 5 g.10 min−1. PEG with an average molecular-weight of approximately 8000 g.mol−1 and Tm of 64 °C was purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, WI, USA).
4
Electrospun PLLA Fibrous Material Characterization
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The fibrous material was obtained by electrospinning 9 wt.% solution of poly(L-lactide acid) (PLLA 4032D, NatureWorks LLC, Minnetonka, USA, molecular weight is 200 kDa) dissolved in the mixed solvent (90% chloroform and 10% ethanol). The solution was homogenized on a stirrer for 12 h. A rotating drum with a speed of 40 rpm and a diameter of 12.5 ± 0.5 cm was used as a precipitating electrode. The voltage between electrodes was kept in the range of 13 ± 3 kV. More detail of the electrospinning process has been described previously, for example [53 (link)]. After being obtained, the material was dried in a ThermoFisher vacuum oven to remove residual solvent. The interelectrode distance was 20 ± 5 cm. The degree of crystallinity of the individual fiberswas 20–40%. The swelling of the fibers in water was no more than 2%. Testing samples were cut from the centers of the finished mats, avoiding the edge zones, for ultrasonic, optical, and mechanical studies.
The pure fibrous PLLA material was characterized by layer thickness, packing density, and average fiber diameter. The thickness of the material was measured with a SHAN 123758 micrometer. The mean value was 400 ± 10 μm. A Carl Zeiss Axio Imager.M2m optical microscope was used to examine fiber diameters in the material.
The pure fibrous PLLA material was characterized by layer thickness, packing density, and average fiber diameter. The thickness of the material was measured with a SHAN 123758 micrometer. The mean value was 400 ± 10 μm. A Carl Zeiss Axio Imager.M2m optical microscope was used to examine fiber diameters in the material.
5
Synthesis and Purification of Lactide Monomers
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Stannous isooctanoate Sn(Oct)2 and HDI were purchased from Aladdin, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) was purchased from Energy Chemical (Mn: ∼4200 g mol−1). PLLA (4032D) was purchased from NatureWorks. Toluene was refluxed over sodium metal and benzophenone overnight and distilled under nitrogen atmosphere before use. All glassware used were treated with a solution of dichloromethane and dried at 120 °C for 3 h before use.
d -Lactide and d ,l -Lactide were purchased from Aladdin and recrystallized before use: put appropriate amount of lactide monomers into a Shrek bottle filled with nitrogen. Add appropriate amount of anhydrous drying toluene solvent in nitrogen atmosphere, then heat the Shrek bottle in an oil bath at 70 °C until the monomer was completely dissolved in toluene, seal it and place in the refrigerator for 24 hours. After that, the single needle was used to transfer the solvent to obtain the crystalline solid. The above process was repeated three times. In the third operation, the solvent was transferred and the cold hydrazine on the back shelf continued to drain the residual solvent to obtain pure and dry recrystallized monomers.
6
Nile Red-Derived Silica Nanoparticle Synthesis
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iPP (Mw = 2.5 × 105 g/mol and Mn = 6.7 × 104 g/mol), Nile Red (C20H18N2O2), anhydrous p-xylene 99%, and dioxane were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. PLLA 4032D containing around 2% D-lactide (Mw = 2.23 × 105 g/mol and Mn = 1.06 × 105 g/mol) was obtained from NatureWorks (USA). The syntheses of the Nile Red derivative 9-diethylamino-2-(triethoxysilyl-3-propyloxy)-5H-benzo[α]phenoxazin-5-one and SiO2 NPs of 200 nm were carried out according to refs. 44 (link),45 (link), respectively. Their hybridization is described in ref. 16 (link).
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