Calu 6

The A549 cell line (human type II alveolar epithelial) and the human bronchial epithelial cell line Calu-6 were from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). A549 cells were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine, 10% heat-inactivated FBS (Gibco, USA), 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 mg/ml streptomycin (supplemented DMEM). Calu-6 cells were grown in supplemented RPMI 1640 (Gibco). For infection assays, all epithelial cell lines were seeded at 2 x 10⁵ cells/well in 24 well plates and cultured in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere at 37°C for 24 h in antibiotic-free culture medium.

A549, Calu-1, Calu-6, HCC827, NCI-H-1792, and BEAS-2B were purchased from Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (Shanghai, China). A549, Calu-1, Calu-6, HCC827, NCI-H-1792, and BEAS-2B cells were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Waltham, MA USA), and 1% double antibody (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA) in a cell culture incubator at 37°C and 5% CO₂.

Ventricular normal human cardiac fibroblasts (NHCF-V) were procured from Lonza (NHCF-V; #CC-2904, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) and maintained in Fibroblast Growth Medium-3 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (FGM3; #CC-4526, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland). Two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (LUAD), namely, H1792 and Calu6, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). The H1792 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 cell culture medium (Gibco, Thermo Fischer Scientific, USA) enriched with 10% FBS, 1% Glutamine, and 1% Penicillin, all sourced from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Conversely, Calu6 cells were maintained in MEM cell culture medium (Gibco, Thermo Fischer Scientific, USA), supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% Penicillin. All cultured cells were housed in a humidified incubator set at 37 ^∘C with 5% CO₂. Initially, each cell line was grown in its designated culture medium. Subsequently, all three cell lines were cultivated in the MEM medium. Treatments using 1 µM vinorelbine and 100 µM carboplatin were administered to all three cell lines for a duration of 48 h.