Ace 1300 1200uc

For the linear track analyses, neuronal activity was recorded in 4.5 [1.9 10.1]-h sessions (median [interquartile interval, IQR]). At the beginning of every session, neural activity was recorded while the animal was in the home cage. The animal was then placed on a 150 cm linear track that extended between two 10 × 10 cm square platforms. Each platform included a water delivery port. Mice were under water restriction and were trained to repeatedly traverse the track for a water reward of 3–10 μl. Over all sessions, mice ran 167 [132 200] one-direction trials over about 1 h (Extended Data Fig. 5-2). Trials with a mean running speed below 10 cm/s were excluded from analyses. Animals were equipped with a three-axis accelerometer (ADXL-335, Analog Devices) for monitoring head movements. Head position and orientation were tracked in real-time using two head-mounted LEDs, a machine vision camera (ace 1300-1200uc, Basler), and a dedicated system (“Spotter,” Gaspar et al., 2019 (link)).

During every session that involved running on the linear track (Supplementary Table 4), neural activity was first recorded while the animal was in the home cage for at least 40 min. The animal was then placed on a 150 cm linear track that extended between two 10 × 10 cm square platforms. Each platform included a water delivery port. Mice were under water restriction and were trained to repeatedly traverse the track for a water reward of 3–10 μl. Head position and orientation were tracked in real time using two head-mounted LEDs, a machine vision camera (ace 1300–1200 uc, Basler), and a dedicated system (Spotter^{97 (link)}). Four mice ran a total of 75 sessions that included 168 [130 212] one-direction trials over 50–90 min. Trials with a mean running speed below 10 cm/s were excluded from analyses.