Trichloroacetic acid

Manufactured by Carlo Erba

Sourced in Italy

Trichloroacetic acid is a colorless crystalline solid that is widely used as a laboratory reagent. It is a strong acid that is soluble in water and various organic solvents. Trichloroacetic acid is commonly used in analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and organic synthesis applications.

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Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) (3 citations)

4 protocols using trichloroacetic acid

Antioxidant Phytochemicals Analysis

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Ethanol absolute was obtained from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). Acetic acid, acetonitrile, methanol, and water (high performance liquid chromatography—HPLC grade) were purchased from VWR (Milan, Italy).
α-pinene, β-pinene, linalool, β-myrcene, terpinolene, caryophyllene, humulene, and β-bisabolene, gallic acid, p-OH benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, and rosmarinic acid (from Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany) standards were employed. Working standard mixtures were prepared by appropriate dilution of the standards in methanol. All solutions were stored at −20 °C in the dark.
Folin–Ciocâlteu’s reagent, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙), and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS˙⁺) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Sodium carbonate, potassium persulfate, potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), trichloroAcetic acid, ferric chloride, and potassium phosphate monobasic were obtained from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy).

Palmieri S., Pellegrini M., Ricci A., Compagnone D, & Lo Sterzo C. (2020). Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Thyme, Hemp and Coriander Extracts: A Comparison Study of Maceration, Soxhlet, UAE and RSLDE Techniques. Foods, 9(9), 1221.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptides

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L-Ctl (CgA344-358, RSMRLSFRARGYGFR) and its derivate D-Ctl were synthesized by Proteogenix SAS (Schiltigheim, France) according to the Merrifield Technique, a stepwise solid-phase peptide synthesis approach with FMOC chemistry, and purified to >95% by using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and controlled by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. As negative controls, the scrambled L-Ctl and D-Ctl (FMRLRYRSSAFGGRR, in L-and D-aminoacid forms, respectively) have been used. Both L-Ctl and D-Ctl were dissolved in sterile water before use (UltraPure RNase/DNase-free distilled water, Invitrogen, California, USA). Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Escherichia coli O55:B5, sodium pyruvate and β-nicotinamideadenine dinucleotide disodium salt, 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), 2thiobarbituric acid (TBA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), butanol-1, butylated hydroxyanisole, diethyl ether, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (disodium salt), streptomycin sulfate, tween-20 and urea were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from PanReac AppliChem (Glenview, Illinois, USA). Absolute ethanol, ethyl acetate, hydrochloric acid, methanol and trichloroacetic acid were purchased from Carlo Erba Reagents (Cornaredo, MI, Italy).

Rocca C., De Bartolo A., Grande F., Rizzuti B., Pasqua T., Giordano F., Granieri M.C., Occhiuzzi M.A., Garofalo A., Amodio N., Cerra M.C., Schneider F., Panno M.L., Metz-Boutigue M.H, & Angelone T. (2021). Cateslytin abrogates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte injury by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress through toll like receptor 4 interaction. International immunopharmacology, 94.

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Metabolite and Protein Extraction Protocol

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Formic acid (98%) and LC-MS grade acetonitrile and water were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). Acetone, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and glacial acetic acid were obtained from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). LC-MS grade methanol and reference analytical standards used for the identification of docosanoic acid were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Isotope-labeled internal standards (creatine-D₃, leucine-5,5,5-D₃, l-tryptophan-2,3,3-D₃, indole-2,4,5,6,7,3-acetic acid-D₅, 1,14-tetradecanedioic acid-D₂₄) were from Merck (St. Louis, MO, USA) or from CDN Isotopes (Québec, Canada). Micro Lowry protein assay kit, urea, tri-hydroxy-methyl-aminomethane (Tris), iodoacetamide (IAA), and dithiothreitol (DTT) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Sequencing-grade modified trypsin from porcine pancreas was purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). BioPure C₁₈ spin columns were obtained from The Nest Group Inc. (Southborough, MA, USA).

Stella R., Peggion C., Bergantin C., Biancotto G., Frosini M., Dreassi E., Marcolongo P., Aloisi A.M, & Pessina F. (2022). Serum Metabolomics and Proteomics to Study the Antihypertensive Effect of Protein Extracts from Tenebrio molitor. Nutrients, 14(16), 3288.

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Metabolite Extraction and Quantification

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Methanol (LC-MS grade), acetonitrile (LC-MS grade), water (LC-MS grade), trichloroacetic acid, disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were purchased from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). Formic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ammonium hydroxide, sodium chloride, Formic acid, citric acid monohydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany).
Na 2 EDTA-McIlvaine buffer pH 3.5, was prepared by dissolving 11.80 g of citric acid monohydrate; 13.72 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate; 33.62 g ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt in 1000 mL of water.
For solid phase extraction were used OASIS ® HLB cartridges 3 cc (60 mg) (Waters, Milford, MA).

Alija G., Hajrulai-Musliu Z., & Uzunov R. (2020). Development and validation of confirmatory LC–MS/MS method for multi-residue analysis of antibiotic drugs in bovine milk. SN Applied Sciences, 2(9).

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