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9 protocols using retic lysate ivt kit

1

In Vitro Synthesis of TALEN Proteins

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The DNA fragments encoding the TALENs protein and an upstream T7 promoter were isolated by digesting the vectors with SacI and PmeI. The TALEN genes were transcribed in vitro, capped at 5′, and polyadenylated using an mMESSAGE mMACHINE T7 Ultra Kit (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The mRNAs were translated in vitro using a Retic Lysate IVT Kit (Invitrogen) following the manufacturer's protocol.
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2

In vitro translation assays of F-Luc mRNA

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In vitro translation assays were performed with the Retic Lysate IVT Kit (Invitrogen-AM1200, Villebon Sur Yvette, France) following the manufacturer’s instructions and using the F-Luc mRNA (12.5 ng/µL) as a reporter. The translation efficiency of this transcript was analyzed in the presence of either P. lividus eIF4B or R-Luc mRNAs, both at a final concentration of 12.5 ng/µL. Incubations were performed at 30 °C in an Eppendorf ThermoMixer with agitation at 300 rpm. For each time point, 10 µL of the reaction assay was mixed with 50 µL of ONE-Glo reagent (Promega-E6110, Charbonnières-les-Bains, France), and the sample luminescence was measured for 10 s on a 96-well microplate using a Tristar luminometer (Berthold).
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3

In Vitro Translation of Luciferase mRNA

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For in vitro translation, the Retic Lysate IVT kit (Invitrogen), a eukaryotic cell-free protein expression system, was used. In a total volume of 15 µl, 40 ng of the FLuc–mRNA (capped as indicated), 50 µM l-methionine and 150 mM potassium acetate were mixed with 8.5 µl of the reticulocyte lysate and incubated for 90 min at 30 °C. Samples were mixed with 8.5 µl of the reticulocyte lysate and incubated for 90 min at 30 °C. Afterwards, 2 µl of the respective translation mix was further used in a luminescence assay. The translation efficiencies of the differently capped FLuc–mRNAs were measured using a luciferase assay based on the Beetle-juice Luciferase Assay Firefly (pjk). Luciferase activity was determined after adding 50 µl of freshly prepared substrate solution to the translation mixture. Luminescence was assessed using a Tecan Infinite M1000 PRO microplate reader with an integration time of 3 s. Differently capped mRNAs were used. ApppG-capped mRNA represents cap-independent translation and was subtracted as background from the other samples. All values were normalized to m7GpppG-capped mRNA.
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4

In Vitro Translation of FLuc-mRNA

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The Retic
Lysate IVT kit (Invitrogen), a eukaryotic cell-free protein expression
method, was utilized for in vitro translation. 40 ng of the FLuc-mRNA
(capped as defined), 50 μM l-methionine, and 150 mM
potassium acetate were combined with 8.5 μL of the reticulocyte
lysate in a total volume of 15 μL. The mixture was then incubated
for 1.5 h at 30 °C. Subsequently, 2 μL of the same translation
mix was utilized in an additional luminescence test. Using a luciferase
assay based on the Beetlejuice Luciferase Assay Firefly (pjk), the
translational output of the differentially capped FLuc–mRNAs
was quantified. After the addition of 50 μL of freshly made
substrate solution to the translation mixture, the activity of luciferase
was measured. A Tecan Infinite M1000 PRO microplate reader was used
to measure luminescence with a 3 s integration time. mRNAs with the
indicated caps were utilized. Cap-independent translation is represented
by ApppG-capped mRNA, which was removed from the other samples as
background. The standard for all values was m7GpppG-capped
mRNA.
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5

In Vitro Translation Efficiency Assay

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For in vitro translation the Retic Lysate IVT™ kit (Invitrogen), a eukaryotic cell–free protein expression system, was used. In a total volume of 15 μL and containing 40 ng of the (as indicated capped) FLuc–mRNA, 50 μM L-methionine and 150 mM potassium acetate. Samples were mixed with 8.5 μL of the reticulocyte lysate and incubated for 90 min at 30 °C. Afterwards, 2 μL of the respective translation mix were further used in a luminescence assay. The translation efficiencies of the differently capped FLuc–mRNAs were measured using a luciferase assay based on the Beetle–juice Luciferase Assay Firefly (pjk). Luciferase activity was determined after adding 50 μL freshly prepared substrate solution to the translation mixture. Luminescence was assessed using a Tecan infinite® M1000 PRO microplate reader with an integration time of 3 s. Differently capped mRNAs were used. ApppG–capped mRNA represents cap-independent translation and was subtracted as background from the other samples. All values were normalised to m7GpppG capped mRNA.
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6

Actinosome-Mediated GFP mRNA Delivery

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Capped and tailed messenger RNA (mRNA) template, encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP), was synthesized using the HiScribe T7 ARCA mRNA kit (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA) and a linearized double-stranded DNA (Supplementary Figure 8). The synthesized mRNA was purified using Monarch ® RNA Cleanup Kit (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA), thereby removing the template DNA. To ensure efficient encapsulation, GFP-mRNA (final concentration 100 ng/µl) along with in vitro translation machinery (Retic Lysate IVT™ Kit, Invitrogen,) was added along with actin and polylysine in step 1, prior to the addition of NTPs. This strategy allows efficient encapsulation of GFP-mRNA and translation machinery inside the actinosomes. Real-time expression of GFP was monitored by incubating actinosomes at 29°C using Okolab heating stage.
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7

In Vitro Luciferase Translation Inhibition Assay

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VHHs at a stock concentration of 218.2 nM in dimethyl sulfoxide were diluted in 1% BSA in PBS (w/v) and mixed with threefold serial dilutions of RTA in PBS from 54.5 to 0.07 nM, to a final concentration of 13.6 nM VHH and 13.6 to 0.019 nM RTA. This was added to an ice-cold mixture containing luciferase mRNA (3.7 μg/ml; Ambion, Inc) and Retic Lysate IVT Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The cocktail was incubated for 90 min at 30 °C and then chilled on ice for 5 min before being transferred to wells of an opaque 96-well microtiter plate with an equal volume (20 μl) of Bright-Glo luciferase substrate (Promega) at room temperature. Luminescence was detected immediately using a SpectraMax iD3. Luciferase translation was determined as a percentage of positive control reactions without RTA added. Standard curves were generated for RTA dilutions with dimethyl sulfoxide, and no VHH was added.
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8

Evaluating Synonymous Codon Effects on IGF-1 Synthesis

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To further examine the effect of synonymous codons on IGF-1 protein synthesis, the Retic Lysate IVT Kit (Thermo Scientific, USA) was used to evaluate the protein synthesis efficiency of different IGF-1 expression plasmids encoded by various synonymous codons. 7.5 μg RNA template was isolated from PK-15 cells and quantitated by the Nanodrop ND-2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific). Specific amounts of the indicated reagents (20× translation mix, unlabeled methionine, retic lysate, RNA template) were added in the order according to the instructions, and Retic Lysate IVT reactions were assembled. Each tube was mixed and centrifuged briefly to collect the reaction at the bottom and then incubated at 30°C for 60 min in a water bath. After that, the in vitro translation products were placed on ice to stop the reactions. Finally, translation products were analyzed by ELISA.
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9

In vitro Transcription and Translation

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The RNA templates were in vitro transcribed from a HindIII (ThermoFisher)-linearized EV71 cDNA plasmids or from gel-purified PCR product of full-length GAPDH mRNA sequence with CTP (ThermoFisher) or ac4CTP (MedChemExpress) as substrates using a MEGAscript T7 Kit (Ambion). The in vitro translation assay was performed using a Retic Lysate IVT Kit (ThermoFisher) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The translation reaction was carried out for 1.5 h, and western blot was performed.
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