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4 protocols using mip 3β ccl19

1

Characterization of Akt and PI3K Inhibitors

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OVA323-339 peptide was synthesised by Southampton Polypeptides. IC87114 was synthesised as described previously.14 (link), 60 (link) Akt inhibitor VIII (Akti ½) was purchased from Merck Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA) and used at 2 μm. ZSTK-474 was purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA) and used at 100 nM. The different glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins containing the CRIB (Cdc42/Rac1 interactive binding) domain of PAK (GST-PAK-CRIB), the Rho-binding domain (RBD) of Rhotekin (GST-Rhotekin-RBD) or the Ras-binding domain (RBD) of RalGDS (GST-Ral-RBD) were a gift from Heidi Welch (Babraham Institute). HA-Rap1V12 was cloned into MIGR-1-IRES-GFP using the Gateway cloning technology from Life technologies (Grand Island, NY, USA). The human p110δ retroviral construct was described previously.61 (link) The recombinant murine MIP-3β (CCL19) was obtained from Peprotech (London, UK).
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2

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells

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Antibodies and reagents used for flow cytometry were as follows: CD11c-BV421 (585452), MHCII-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) (553623), 7-aminoactinomycin D (7AAD) (51-68981E), CD69-FITC (553236), CD11c-phycoerythrin (PE) (557401), and anti-mouse CD16/CD32 (Fc block) (553142) provided by Becton Dickinson (BD); CD40-allophycocyanin (APC) (20-8050-U025), CD44-V450 (75-0441-U025), CD4-PECy7 (60-0041-U100), CD45.1-PerCPCy5 (65-0453-U500), CD3-FITC (35-0031-U500), CD8-PECy7 (60-0081), and Ghost Red 780 Viability Dye (13-0865-T100) from Tonbo Biosciences; CD4-FITC (130-109-498), CD62L-PerCP-Vio700 (130-107-072), CD25-APC (130-109-052), CD4-PerCPCy5.5 (130-109-497), and CD11c-FITC (130-102-466) provided by Miltenyi; CCR7-PE (120105) and TCRβ-APCCy7 (109220) from BioLegend; and AbC RH capture beads (A10389) and LIVE/DEAD Fixable Yellow Dead Cell Stain (L34968) from Invitrogen. In addition, cell dyes 5-(and-6)-(((4-chloromethyl)benzoyl)amino)tetramethylrhodamine (CMTMR) (C2927) and carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) (C34554) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific, and recombinant murine chemokine MIP-3β (CCL19) (250-27B) was provided by Peprotech.
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3

Detailed Protein Reagent Synthesis and Usage

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OVA323-339 peptide was synthesized by Southampton Polypeptides. IC87114 was synthesized as described previously14 (link), 60 (link). Akt inhibitor VIII (Akti ½) was purchased from Merck Millipore (Billerica, MA) and used at 2 μM. ZSTK-474 was purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX) and used at 100 nM. The different GST fusion proteins containing the Cdc42/Rac1 interactive binding (CRIB) domain of PAK (GST-PAK-CRIB), the Rho binding domain (RBD) of Rhotekin (GST-Rhotekin-RBD) or the Ras binding domain (RBD) of RalGDS (GST-Ral-RBD) were a gift from Heidi Welch (Babraham Institute). HA-Rap1V12 was cloned into MIGR-1-IRES-GFP using the Gateway cloning technology from Life technologies (Grand Island, NY). The human p110δ retroviral construct was described previously61 (link). The recombinant murine MIP-3β (CCL19) was obtained from Peprotech (London, UK).
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4

Transwell Assay for DC Migration

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Migration was assessed in vitro using a transwell system (24-well, pore size 5 μm polycarbonate inserts; Corning Costar, USA). 1.5 × 105 DCs from RA patients were seeded in the upper chamber and AIM-V medium alone or supplemented with 250 ng/ml of SDF-1α/CXCL12 or MIP-3β/CCL19 (PeproTech, Rocky Hill, CT, USA) was added to the lower chamber. After 4-h incubation at 37°C and 5% CO2, DCs in the lower chamber were counted by flow cytometry. DCs migration is expressed as “migration index” (migration toward chemokines/migration toward medium).
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