Lysophosphatidylinositol

Manufactured by Avanti Polar Lipids

Sourced in United States

Lysophosphatidylinositol is a lipid compound that is commonly used in biochemical and cell biology research. It is a type of glycerophospholipid, which are essential components of biological membranes. Lysophosphatidylinositol plays a role in various cellular processes and signaling pathways.

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8 protocols using lysophosphatidylinositol

Megakaryocytic Differentiation Protocol

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Phospholipids and sphingolipids were dissolved in DMSO or alcohol-containing solution prior to application to cell culture media. For megakaryocytic differentiation, 3 × 10⁴ cells were seeded in 6-well plate with 3 ml of culture media which contained indicated levels of phytosphingosine or (R)-TEMOSPho. On subsequent days, 1 ml of fresh media containing phytosphingosine or (R)-TEMOSPho was added to the culture media.
2-(Trimethylammonium) ethyl (R)-3-methoxy-3-oxo-2-stearamidopropyl phosphate ((R)-TEMOSPho) was synthesized following previously reported methods with modifications (10) (link). Sphingomyelin was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), and Oleoyl phytosphingosine, Tetraacetyl phytosphingosine, Hexanoyl phytosphingosine, phytosphingosine, Acetyl phytosphingosine, Glucosyl cerarmide, Phosphatidyl choline were supplied by Doosan Biotech (Seoul, Korea). Phytosphingosine-1-phosphate, Lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, Lysophosphatidyl choline, Lysophosphatidic acid, Lysophosphatidyl inositol were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL).

Han S.H., Kim J., Her Y., Seong I., Park S., Bhattarai D., Jin G., Lee K., Chung G., Hwang S., Bae Y.S, & Kim J. (2015). Phytosphingosine promotes megakaryocytic differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells. BMB Reports, 48(12), 691-695.

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Comprehensive Lipid Standard Preparation

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Lipid standards [MG (15:1), diacylglycerols (8:0-8:0), TG (11:1-11:1-11:1) chE (10:0)] were purchased from Larodan Fine Chemicals AB (MI, USA). Other lipids [Cer (d18:1-12:0), dCer (d18:0-12:0), C1P (d18:1-12:0), dihydroceramide-1-phosphate (d18:0-16:0), SO (17:1), sphinganine; SA (17:0), SO-1-phosphate (17:1), sphinganine-1-phosphate (17:0), SM (d18:1-12:0), dSM (d18:1-12:0), PC (10:1-10:1), LPC (13:0), PE (10:1-10:1), LPE (14:0), PG (10:1-10:1), LPG (14:0), phosphatidic acid (10:1-10:1), lysophosphatidic acid; LPA (17:0), PS (10:1-10:1), lysophosphatidylserine (17:1), phosphatidylinositol (16:0), lysophosphatidylinositol (13:0)] were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc (AL, USA). ChE was dissolved in chloroform and all other lipid standards were dissolved in methanol, stored at –20° C, and diluted to 1 μg/mL for use in lipid extraction of the sample.

An J.N., Kim H., Kim E.N., Cho A., Cho Y., Choi Y.W., Kim J.H., Yang S.H., Choi B.S., Lim C.S., Kim Y.S., Kim K.P, & Lee J.P. (2021). Effects of periostin deficiency on kidney aging and lipid metabolism. Aging (Albany NY), 13(19), 22649-22665.

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Lipidomic Analysis of Biological Samples

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LC/MS-grade acetonitrile (ACN), Isopropanol (IPA), water and methanol were purchased from Fisher Scientific (New Jersey, USA). High purity formic acid (99%) was purchased from Thermo-Scientific (Rockford, IL). Debrisoquine, 4-Nitrobenzoic acid (4-NBA), Pro-Asn, Glycoursodeoxycholic acid, Malic acid were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). All lipid standards including 14:0 LPA (lysophosphatidic acid), 17:0 Ceramide, 12:0 LPC, 18:0 Lyso phosphatidylinositol (PI), and 22:6 phosphatidylcholine (PC) were procured from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc. (USA).

Mapstone M., Lin F., Nalls M.A., Cheema A.K., Singleton A.B., Fiandaca M.S, & Federoff H.J. (2016). What Success Can Teach Us About Failure: The Plasma Metabolome of Older Adults with Superior Memory and Lessons for Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurobiology of aging, 51, 148-155.

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Authentic Internal Standards for Lipidomic Analysis

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The authentic internal standards (IS) for lipidomic analysis, namely, phosphatidylcholine (PC) 13:0/13:0, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) 15:0/15:0, phosphatidylinositol (PI) 8:0/8:0, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 15:0, lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) 13:0, and lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) 13:0, were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL), while triacylglycerol (TG) 11:0/11:0/11:0 and free fatty acid (FFA) 17:0 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Unless specified, other chemicals and reagents were of the highest grade available and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

Chen Z., Sai S., Nagumo K., Wu Y., Chiba H, & Hui S.P. (2023). Distinctive serum lipidomic profile of IVIG-resistant Kawasaki disease children before and after treatment. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0283710.

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Lipid Profiling Internal Standards

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For the authentic internal standards (IS), triacylglycerol (TG) 11:0/11:0/11:0 and free fatty acid (FFA) 17:0 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), and phosphatidylcholine (PC) 13:0/13:0, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) 15:0/15:0, phosphatidylinositol (PI) 8:0/8:0, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 15:0, lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) 13:0, and lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) 13:0 were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Cardiolipin (CL) 15:0/15:0/15:0/15:0 was synthesized in our laboratory previously [16 (link)]. Other chemicals and reagents, which were of the highest grade available, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich unless specified. The mixed solution of all the IS was prepared with methanol (containing 0.006% butylated hydroxytoluene, w/v) and stored at −80 °C for no more than two weeks before use.

Wu Y., Chen Z., Fuda H., Tsukui T., Wu X., Shen N., Saito N., Chiba H, & Hui S.P. (2021). Oxidative Stress Linked Organ Lipid Hydroperoxidation and Dysregulation in Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Revealed by Lipidomic Profiling of Liver and Kidney. Antioxidants, 10(10), 1602.

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Lipidomic Analysis Protocol

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The LC/MS-grade isopropanol, methanol, and chloroform were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). The mobile-phase additive ammonium acetate was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). The internal standards such as, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE 15:0-15:0), phosphatidylinositol (PI 8:0-8:0), phosphatidylcholine (PC 13:0-13:0), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 15:0, lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) 13:0, and lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) 13:0, were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Triacylglyceride (TAG) 11:0-11:0-11:0 and fatty acid 17:0 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). TK-16 (Dextran) from Mastutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Hyogo, Japan), NZMP acid casein from Fonterra Cooperative Group Ltd. (Auckland, New Zealand), sucrose from Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), soybean oil from J-Oil Mills, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan), crystalline cellulose from Ceolus PH-102, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp., (Tokyo, Japan), AIN93G mineral mix from MP Biomedicals (USA), AIN-93VX vitamin mix from CLEA Japan Inc. (Tokyo, Japan), choline bitartrate from Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), lard from Bell Shokuhin Co., Ltd. (Sapporo, Japan) and all other reagents of analytical grade were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) unless otherwise specified.

Gowda S.G.B., Gao Z.J., Chen Z., Abe T., Hori S., Fukiya S., Ishizuka S., Yokota A., Chiba H, & Hui S.P. (2020). Untargeted Lipidomic Analysis of Plasma from High-fat Diet-induced Obese Rats Using UHPLC-Linear Trap Quadrupole-Orbitrap MS. Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, 36(7).

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Lipid Standards for Lipidomic Analysis

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The following lipids were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids: dioleoyl-phosphatidic acid, dioleoyl-phosphatidylcholine, dioleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), dioleoyl-phosphatidylinositol, and dioleoyl-phosphatidylserine and the corresponding lysophospholipids monooleoyl(sn-1)-lysophosphatidic acid, -lysophosphatidylcholine, -lysophosphatidylethanolamine, -lysophosphatidylglycerol, -lysophosphatidylinositol, and -lysophosphatidylserine; dioctanoyl-phosphatidylcholine and dioctanoyl-PG; bis-dioleoyl cardiolipin; bis(dioleoylglycero)phosphate; N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine; plasmanylcholine; sn-3,3′-oleoyl-BMP(S,S and R,R); 1-oleoyl-N-heptadecanoyl-d-erythro-sphingosine; and 1,2-diacyl-3-O-β-d-galactosyl-sn-glycerol. The following lipids were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich: dioleoylglycerol, trioleoylglycerol, glyceryl trioctanoate, monoolein, retinyl palmitate, arachidyl laurate, cholesteryloleate, and oleoyl-carmitin. Methylpalmitate, ethylpalmitate, propylpalmitate, and butylpalmitate as well as sn-2,2′-oleoyl-BMP(S,S) were synthesized according to published procedures (20 , 21 (link)). Labeled BMP was synthesized using oleic acid ¹³C₁₈ (Sigma-Aldrich) according to Refs. 21 (link).

Pribasnig M.A., Mrak I., Grabner G.F., Taschler U., Knittelfelder O., Scherz B., Eichmann T.O., Heier C., Grumet L., Kowaliuk J., Romauch M., Holler S., Anderl F., Wolinski H., Lass A., Breinbauer R., Marsche G., Brown J.M, & Zimmermann R. (2015). α/β Hydrolase Domain-containing 6 (ABHD6) Degrades the Late Endosomal/Lysosomal Lipid Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 290(50), 29869-29881.

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Comprehensive Lipid Standards Database

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The following lipid standards used in this study were purchased from Larodan Fine Chemicals AB:TG (11:1-11:1-11:1), diacylglycerol (DG) (8:0-8:0), monoacylglycerol (MG) (15:1), and cholesteryl ester (CE) (10:0). Additional lipid standards were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc., including phophatidylcholine (PC) (10:0-10:0), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (10:0-10:0), phosphoserine (PS) (10:0-10:0), phosphatidylglycerol (10:0-10:0), phosphatidylinositol (8:0-8:0), phosphatidic acid (PA) (10:0-10:0), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (13:0), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) (14:0), lysophosphoserine (LPS) (17:1), lysophosphatidylglycerol (14:0), lysophosphatidylinositol (13:0), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) (14:0), sphingomyeline (SM) (d18:1-12:0), and ceramide (Cer) (d18:1-12:0). Each lipid standard was dissolved in methanol or chloroform (in the case of CE), stored at −20 °C, and diluted to 1 µg/mL for extraction.

Cho E.G., Choi S.Y., Kim H., Choi E.J., Lee E.J., Park P.J., Ko J., Kim K.P, & Baek H.S. (2021). Panax ginseng-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Facilitate Anti-Senescence Effects in Human Skin Cells: An Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Way to Use Ginseng Substances. Cells, 10(3), 486.

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