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9 protocols using ultraclean tissue cells dna isolation kit

1

Comprehensive Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

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Genomic DNA was extracted from EDTA blood samples from calf 1, calf 2 and calf 3, as well as from the two obligate carrier dams of calf 2 and calf 3 using the UltraClean® Tissue & Cells DNA Isolation Kit (Mo Bio Laboratories Inc.) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Genomic DNA was isolated from hair roots from 403 Angus/Angus-cross animals collected in 2016 and 2017 from the original herd using a standard hair digest protocol [38 (link)].
RNA was extracted from cultured fibroblast cells from calf 2 and calf 3 and one unrelated Angus animal using the RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN). Extraction was performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol with the addition of 600 μL of RLT buffer to lyse cells.
DNA and RNA concentration and purity were measured using the NanoDrop 8000 spectrophotometer (ThermoFisher Scientific).
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2

DNA Extraction and Viral Detection in Mice

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Total DNA was extracted from the kidneys of mice A, C, D, E, and F with commercially available kits (UltraClean® Tissue & Cells DNA Isolation kit (MO BIO Laboratories, Inc, USA); DNEasy Tissue and Blood (Qiagen) according to the manufacturers’ instructions. For total DNA extracts from mouse A, a PCR reaction mixture contained the following components with final concentration of 20 mmol/L Tris-HCl (pH 8.5 at 25 °C), 50 mmol/L KCl, 2 mmol/L MgCl2, 200 µmol/L each dNTP (dATP, dCTP, dTTP and dGTP), 0.5 U of Taq polymerase (Fisher Biotec, Australia) and 0.2 µmol/L each primers specific for murine polyomavirus VP2 protein-coding region [7 (link)] in a final PCR reaction volume of 25 µL. The PCR was run on a Peltier thermal cycler (MJ Research, United States) with the following temperature program: an initial denaturing step at 94 °C for 5 min, then 40 cycles of 94 °C for 30 s, 60 °C for 30 s, 72 °C for 30 s. The PCR products were electrophoretically separated in 2% agarose E-gels (Invitrogen, Australia) and visualized with UV light [6 (link)].
A broad-spectrum papillomavirus PCR was performed on DNA extracts from mice C, D, E, and F, according to the method described in Forslund et al. (1999) [8 (link)]. Multiply primed rolling circle amplification was also performed on these same samples, following the method of Rector and co-authors (2004, 2005) [3 (link),9 (link)].
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3

MMP2 Promoter Methylation Analysis

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DNA extraction was performed using Ultra Clean Tissue & Cells DNA Isolation Kit according to manufacturer's instruction (Mo Bio Laboratories, Carlsbad, CA). Methylation status of CpG islands of the MMP2 promoter was assessed by MethylScreen technology using the Epitect methyl II PCR assay (Qiagen) according to manufacturer's instruction. Percentages of unmethylated and hypermethylated CpG values were calculated using a quantitation algorithm provided by the manufacturer (Epitect methyl II PCR assay Handbook - Qiagen).
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4

Quantifying Global DNA Methylation

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To obtain an insight into the epigenetic effects of ZEA, global DNA methylation levels were investigated. 5-aza-cytidine, a known DNA methylation inhibitor acting as a substitute substrate for DNA methyltransferase, was used as positive control. BEAS-2B cells were treated with DMSO, 40 µM ZEA or 1 µM 5-aza-cytidine for 24 h. After treatment, genomic DNA was extracted using UltraClean Tissue & Cells DNA Isolation Kit (MO Bio Laboratories, Inc.) according to the manufacturer's protocols. The concentrations and qualities of DNA were quantified by NanoDrop ND-1000 Spectrophotometer (Nano-Drop Technologies) and checked by 0.7% agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively. The global DNA methylation levels were determined using MethylFlash Methylated DNA Quantification Kit (Colorimetric) (Epigentek Group Inc.) following manufacturer's instructions. DNA is bound to specifically treated strip wells that have high DNA affinity. The 5-methylcytosine of DNA is detected using antibodies and quantified using an ELISA-like reaction by reading absorbance at 450 nm.
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5

Epigenetic Profiling of Hippocampus

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Individuals representing each group (n = 6) were euthanized and DNA was isolated from hippocampus tissue (UltraClean® Tissue & Cells DNA isolation kit, Cat no. 12334-50, MO BIO laboratories, Inc., USA) and processed for bisulfite modification (EpiTect Bisulfite kit, Qiagen, Cat no. 59104).
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6

16S rRNA Gene Sequencing of Nasal and Oral Microbiome

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Total DNA was extracted using the UltraClean Tissue & Cells DNA Isolation Kit (Cat No. 12334-S, MO BIO Laboratories, Inc.). Samples were homogenized on a horizontal Vortex Adapter (Catalog #13000-V1, MO BIO Laboratories, Inc.) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The concentration of DNA was quantified by a Qubit® 3.0 Fluorometer (Invitrogen), using a Qubit dsDNA HS Assay Kit (Cat N° Q32854). Each DNA sample was amplified for the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and libraries were prepared and sequenced using the Schloss MiSeq_WetLab_SOP protocol (50 (link)). Twenty nasal and oral samples were sequenced at The Microbial Systems Molecular Biology Laboratory (MSMBL) sequencing group (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), while 160 samples (nasal and oral mucosa) were sequenced at The Environmental Sample Preparation and Sequencing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory (Lemont, IL, USA). The sequencing facilities used in this study used negative and positive controls in their protocols. Positive controls (Zymo microbiomics) were verified, though were not formally included in the analysis. After quality control and filtering 28 samples were discarded and 152 samples were analyzed. All sequence data was deposited in the NCBI under Bioproject accession number PRJNA446042. All R code and metadata are available in GitHub (https://github.com/ramostapiai/16s-Analysis).
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7

Rapid Tissue DNA Extraction Protocol

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A fragment of tissue (approximately 5 × 5 × 1 mm) was applied to dry bead tubes of UltraClean Tissue & Cells DNA isolation Kit (MO BIO Laboratories, Carlsbad, CA). Preparations with and without proteinase K (PK) incubation were performed by following the manufacturer’s instructions. The shortest procedure without PK incubation took only 20 min for 50 μL genomic DNA products. As a basis for comparison, we also conducted conventional DNA extraction as follows: microdissected frozen tissue samples were digested in 1 % SDS (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) with 50 μg/mL proteinase K (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) at 48 °C for 48 h. DNA was then purified by phenol-chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation, as previously described.9 (link) DNA was resuspended in elution buffer (EDTA 2.5 mM and Tris-HCl 10 mM, pH 7.5). DNA concentration was quantified using the NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA).
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8

DNA Extraction and Mitochondrial Gene Amplification for Biodiversity Analysis

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DNA was extracted from most tissue samples using a single-step method with acid guanidinium thiocyanate [50 (link)] or by using a UltraClean® Tissue & Cells DNA Isolation Kit (MO-BIO Laboratories, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA), following the manufacturer’s manual. Three mitochondrial genes– 16S rRNA (16S), 12S rRNA (12S), and the Folmer Region or ‘‘Barcode of Life” fragment of the Cytochrome Oxidase sub-unit I (COI; [51 (link)]) gene–were amplified (S3 Table). Polymerase chain reaction was carried out under locus-specific optimal annealing temperatures following protocols detailed by Pinto-Sánchez et al. [41 (link)]. PCR products were cleaned using the UltraClean PCR Clean-Up Kit (MO-BIO Laboratories, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA) or by Exo I/SAP digest, and sequenced in both directions by Macrogen Co. Ltd. (South Korea). Sequences were edited and aligned in GENEIOUS v5.4.7 (Biomatters, Auckland, New Zealand). Multiple sequence alignments were generated using MAFFT v7.017 [52 (link)] with default gap opening cost and other settings configured in GENEIOUS. Leading and trailing ends were trimmed manually to remove any missing data. To identify related sequences, a Nucleotide Blast search was carried out using the NCBI database (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi).
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9

Microsatellite Genotyping from Diverse Samples

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DNA was extracted from blood and tissue samples either with the standard phenol–chloroform method [50 ], or using the UltraClean® BloodSpin™ Kit or UltraClean® Tissue & Cells DNA Isolation Kit (MoBio Laboratories), and from feathers using the method described in Rönkä et al. [34 (link)]. Individuals were genotyped for 12 microsatellite loci, which were amplified in 10 µl volumes containing 20–100 ng of template DNA, 0.1 µM of each primer, 0.8–1 mM MgCl2, 0.2 mM of dNTPs, 1 µl of 10 × PCR-Buffer and 0.l U of DNA-polymerase (Biotools). The amplification profile was 94 °C for 1 min followed by 35 cycles of 94 °C for 30 s, 52–58 °C for 45 s (see Additional file 1: Table S1), 72 °C for 45 s and 72 °C for 10 min for final extension. The PCR reactions were run with ABI 3730 sequencer using GS500-Liz size standard (Applied Biosystems) and the loci were scored with GeneMapper v. 4.0. (Applied Biosystems), except for the Swedish samples, which were scored with CEQTM8000 Genetic Analysis System (Beckman Coulter) using the Fragment Analysis Module v. 8.0.52. Due to possible differences between the allele sizes defined by the two sequencers, samples were calibrated by genotyping five Swedish individuals with both sequencers. Genotyping error rate was calculated by amplifying most individuals twice. If differences were found between the two runs, samples were genotyped twice more.
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