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S. aureus is a bacterial strain maintained in the Korean Collection for Type Cultures. It is a Gram-positive, cluster-forming coccus species. S. aureus is a common inhabitant of the human skin and nasal passages.

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4 protocols using s aureus

1

Cultivation of Bacterial Strains

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) 3803 and Escherichia coli (E. coli) 1924 were obtained from the Culture Collection of Antimicrobial Resistant Microbes (CCARM), and S. aureus 3881 was provided by the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC). All the tested bacterial strains were cultured at 37 ℃ in tryptic soy broth (BD BactoTM) and Luria-Bertani broth (Sigma-Aldrich) for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. The cultured bacterial pellet was collected and washed with 1× PBS prior to the on-chip bioassay.
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2

Bacterial Strain Cultivation Protocol

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The type bacterial strains were purchased from the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC; Daejeon, Korea); P. acnes KCTC 3314, S. aureus KCTC 1927, S. epidermidis KCTC 1370, and P. aeruginosa KCTC 1637. Two P. acnes clinical isolates were obtained from the Gyeongsang National University Hospital (Jinju, Korea), a member of the National Biobank of Korea. P. acnes strains were anaerobically cultured in brain heart infusion broth (Difco, Detroit, MI, USA) with 1.0% glucose supplement, and incubated in a CO2 incubator at 10% CO2-humidified atmosphere and 37 °C for 72 h (NAPCO 5400; General Laboratory Supply, Pasadena, TX, USA) in a 10% CO2-humidified atmosphere. Other bacteria were aerobically cultivated in Mueller–Hinton broth (MHB; Difco) at 37 °C. The broth dilution method was carried out in MHB according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines [47 ].
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3

Cultivation and Storage of S. aureus and C. albicans Biofilms

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The bacterial strain S. aureus (KCTC 1916) was obtained from the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC, Daejeon, Korea), while the fungal strain C. albicans (KCCM 11282) was purchased from the Korean Culture Centre of Microorganisms (KCCM; Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea). The growth media for cultivating S. aureus and C. albicans were tryptic soy broth (TSB; Difco Laboratory Inc., Detroit, MI, USA) and potato dextrose broth supplemented with 5% glucose, respectively. The microbial cultures were grown in their growth media for mono-species biofilm, whereas the mixed culture growth media (50% TSB and 50% PDB) was employed for mixed-biofilm growth60 (link). These microorganisms were stored at − 70 °C in 20% glycerol. The temperature for seed culture preparation and sub-culturing of microorganisms on an agar plate was 37 °C.
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4

Antibacterial Activity Screening of Peptides

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Bacteria, including E. coli (KCTC 1682), Staphylococcus typhimurium (KCTC 1926), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KCTC 1637), Bacillus subtilis (KCTC 3068), Staphylococcus epidermidis (KCTC 1917), and S. aureus (KCTC 1621) were procured from the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) at the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (Deajeon, South Korea). MRSA strains (CCARM 3089, CCARM 3090, and CCARM 3095) were obtained from the Culture Collection of Antibiotic-Resistant Microbes (CCARM) at the Seoul Women's University (Seoul, South Korea). All bacteria were routinely grown at 37°C in Luria-Bertani broth. MICs were measured in 96-well microplates using the micro-broth dilution method. Bacteria were grown in Luria-Bertani broth at 37°C for 18 h and then diluted with 1% peptone to a final concentration of 2 × 10 6 colonyforming units per ml. Subsequently, 100 µl of a bacterial suspension and 100 µl of peptide solution were mixed together in a 96-well plate. The peptide solution was prepared by performing two-fold dilutions in 1% peptone, while the PGP-E solutions were prepared to final peptide concentrations of 0.06-128 µg ml -1 . The bacteria and peptide solution mixtures were incubated at 37°C for 18 h. The peptide MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of peptide that inhibited bacterial growth.
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