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7 protocols using microcon ym 30 filter

1

Nitric Oxide Measurement in NTS

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The NTS (15 mg) were deproteinized by a microcon YM-30 filter (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). The total amount of NO in the NTS was determined by a Sievers Nitric Oxide Analyzer purge system (NOA 280i; Sievers Instruments, Boulder, CO, USA) using the chemiluminescence-based procedure defined by the manufacturer, with modification. The NO level was measured by ozone-induced chemiluminescence and corrected for that in the NTS of both the control and 10% fructose groups, as previously described [18 (link)]. The measurement for each sample was conducted in triplicate.
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2

PCR Amplification of 287 nt Template

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PCR was performed in an overall volume of 50 μL containing 5 pM of the 287 nt template in thermopol buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.8, 10 mM ammonium sulfate, 10 mM KCl, 2 mM MgCl2, and 0.1% Triton X-100). The final mixtures contained dNTPs (200 μM of each dATP, dGTP, dCTP, and dTTP) in the presence or absence of 19 (2 mM), primers (25 pmol of each primer), 30 nM of Deep Vent (exo) DNA polymerase. PCR amplifications were performed employing the following program: initial denaturation at 95 °C for 2.5 min, followed by 25 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 30 s, primer annealing at 45 °C for 1 min and extension at 65°C for 5 min. The PCR solution was filtered with a Microcon YM-30 filter (Millipore) to remove the excess unincorporated dNTPs. The quality of PCR product was determined by 8% native PAGE analysis.
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3

Xenograft Genomic Profiling by CGH

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Genomic DNA was isolated from xenografts before the serial transplants (P0), after the first (P1) and the fifth transplantations (P5), using DNeasy extraction kit (Qiagen, France) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The percentage of mouse and human component was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR) using species-specific primers. CGH labeling and hybridization were performed using high-density 244K arrays (Agilent, France). Sample DNAs were labeled with Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP, respectively. Labeled products were purified with Microcon YM-30 filters (Millipore, Billerica, MA). Arrays were scanned with an Agilent DNA Microarray Scanner (G2565BA). Log2 ratios were determined with Agilent Feature Extraction software (v9.1.3.1). The global quality of the individual microarrays was validated against the quality metrics (QCmetrics) provided in this software. Results were analyzed with Agilent's CGH Analytics v3.5 software. Copy number aberrations (CNA) were detected using the Aberration Detection Method algorithm 2 (ADM-2) with a threshold of 6. At least two contiguous suprathreshold probes were required to define a chromosomal abnormality. Percent of chromosomal abnormalities was defined as the number of CNA upon total number of probes.
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High-density Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

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High-density aCGH were performed using SurePrint G3 Human CGH Microarray 1 × 1 M (Agilent), an oligonucleotide chip that contains 963,029 distinct biological features with a probe spacing 2.1 KB overall median probe spacing (1.8 KB in Refseq genes) and Content sourced from - UCSC hg18 (NCBI Build 36).
Array experiments were performed as recommended by the manufacturer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). 500 ng of DNA from the patient and a reference sample of the same sex (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) were double-digested using AluI and RsaI for 2 h at 37 °C. Enzymes were inactivated at 65 °C for 20 minutes and each digested sample was labeled with Cy5-dUTP by random priming at 37 °C for 2 h (Genomic DNA Enzymatic Labelling Kit Agilent). Labeled products were column-purified (Microcon Ym-30 filters, Millipore Corporation). The hybridization was performed at 65 °C with rotation for 24 h after probe denaturation and pre-annealing with Cot-1 DNA. The array was analyzed with the Agilent scanner using the Feature Extraction software (v9.1 Agilent Technologies). Comprehensive description of the statistical algorithms is available in the user’s manual provided by Agilent Technologies.
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5

Extraction and Purification of Follicular Fluid Peptides

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Follicular fluid samples (500 μl) were transferred to extraction tubes (2 ml) and mixed with an equal amount of lysis buffer containing 30 mM Tris (SIGMA, St. Louis, USA), 8 M urea (Acros Organics, New Jersey, USA), 5 mM Dithiothreitol DTT, Applichem, Darmstadt, Germany). They were vortexed thoroughly and centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 10 min at room temperature. The supernatant was then transferred to a 3 K Da filter Microcon YM-30 filters (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), the filter devices were subsequently centrifuged at 14,000 g for 30 min and the flow through was collected. Iodoacetamide (IAA, SIGMA, St. Louis, USA) was added to a final concentration of 0.015 M and the samples were incubated for 30 min at room temperature in dark. Then trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was added to a final concentration of 0.1%. The mixture was cleaned via solid phase extraction (SPE) using Pepclean C18 spin column (Thermo Scientific) according to the manufactuer’s instructions and eluted in a final volume of 40 μL. Subsequently, the samples were dried in a vacuum operator. The dried sample was kept at −20°C until analysis. The peptides were dissolved in 10 μl of 0.1% formic acid (FA) and 5% acetonitrile (ACN).
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6

Genomic DNA Profiling via gcCGH

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All gcCGH tests were performed, analyzed and validated based on the protocols described previously [26] (link), [27] (link). In brief, all DNA samples were assessed for genomic DNA concentration and purity. Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to assess the quality of the genomic DNA samples. The test DNA (3 µg) and reference DNA (3 µg, pooled normal human male or female DNAs were used as reference DNA; purchased from Promega, Madison, WI) were digested with AluI and RsaI (Promega), and then labeled using the Agilent Genomic DNA Labeling Kit PLUS (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). The individually labeled test and reference samples were then purified using Microcon YM-30 filters (Millipore, Billerica, MA). Following purification, the appropriately labeled test DNA and reference DNA were mixed together and hybridized to the custom gcCGH array. The hybridization was followed by four washing steps, and slides were scanned on an Agilent Microarray Scanner G2565BA with 5-µm resolution. Captured images were assessed with Feature Extraction Software, version 9.5 (Agilent), and the data were then imported into Agilent CGH Analytics 3.2.5 software for statistical analysis.
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7

Array CGH Analysis of Peri-Implantitis

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Array CGH was performed using Human Genome CGH 44K and 180K microarray kits (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Labeling and hybridization were performed according to the supplier’s protocols. Briefly, 1 µg of purified DNA from 50 (20 healthy and 30 peri-implantitis) patient blood samples and 1 µg of pooled sex-matched reference DNA (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) were double-digested with RsaI and AluI for 2 h at 37 °C. After inactivation of the enzymes at 65 °C for 20 min, each digested sample was labeled by random priming (Genomic DNA Enzymatic Labeling Kit, Agilent Technologies) for 2 h using Cy5-dUTP for sample DNA and Cy3-dUTP for reference DNA. The labeled products were then column-purified (Microcon YM-30 filters, Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA). After probe denaturation and pre-annealing with Cot-1 DNA, hybridization was performed at 65 °C with rotation for 24 h. At the end of the incubation, the slides were washed and analyzed using an Agilent scanner. Data and graphical analyses were performed using CGH Analytics software (v3.1 Agilent Technologies). All map positions were based on the March 2006 NCBI 36/hg18 genome assembly [25 (link)].
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