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37 protocols using centro xs3 lb 960 luminometer

1

SARS-CoV-2 Variants Cytotoxicity Assay

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Vero E6 cells were infected with equal amounts (100 ng p24 Gag/well) of the most important variants of SARS-CoV-2 within clade 19B that were circulating in Spain at the time of the study: D614 and G614 [24 (link)]. Both pseudotyped viruses pNL4-3Δenv_SARS-CoV-2-SΔ19(G614)_Ren and pNL4-3Δenv_SARS-CoV-2-SΔ19(D614)_Ren were incubated with Vero E6 cells for 48 h. Then, Vero cells were co-cultured for 1 h with PBMCs isolated from the participants (ratio 1:10). Vero cells were detached with trypsin-EDTA solution (Sigma Aldrich-Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), and induction of cytotoxicity was measured using Caspase-Glo 3/7 Assay system (Promega) to evaluate the PBMCs-induced activation of caspace-3 in the monolayer. Viral infection in Vero E6 cells was also determined by measuring Renilla with Renilla Luciferase Assay kit (Promega) in Centro XS3 LB 960 luminometer (Berthold Technologies).
PBMCs were collected previous to detach the Vero E6 monolayer to evaluate the presence of the following cytotoxic cell populations: Natural Killer (NK) (CD3CD56+CD16±), NKT-like (CD3+CD56+), and TCRγδ (CD3CD8±TCRγδ+) cells by using specific conjugated antibodies: CD3-PE, CD8-APC H7, TCRγδ-FITC, CD56-BV605, and CD16-PercP (BD Biosciences). Analyses were performed using a BD LSRFortessa X-20 flow cytometer and FlowJo software version 10.7.1 (Tree Star Inc.).
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2

Gaussia Luciferase Activity Assay

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Gaussia luciferase activity was measured by adding 20 μL of harvested cell culture supernatant per well on a 96-well LUMITRAC 600 plate, followed by the addition of Coelenterazine substrate and the detection of luminescence using a Centro XS3 LB 960 luminometer (Berthold Technologies). The microplate reader was set to dispense 50 μL of substrate, followed by shaking for 2 s and reading for 5 s. Samples were assayed in triplicate and read sequentially.
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3

Quantifying VSV-luciferase Replication in Cells

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Replication of VSV-luciferase within the cells in vitro was determined by measuring the firefly luciferase activity in the cell lysates as described before (32 (link)). Briefly, following corresponding time points of infection, BM-derived cells were lysed in 35 μl of 1x Passive lysis buffer (Promega) and frozen down at −20°C overnight. Twenty microliters of cell lysate/sample was transferred into white 96-well plate. Assay buffer (25 mM glycylglycine, 15 mM MgSO4, 4 mM EGTA, 15 mM KPO4 pH 7.8, 1 mM DTT, 2 mM ATP) and substrate luciferin solution (25 mM glycylglycine and 200 μM luciferin, pH 8.0) were prepared in distilled water. Firefly luciferase activity was assessed for 1 s using a plate luminometer (Berthold Centro XS3 LB960 luminometer), with automatic injection of 72 μl of assay buffer and 40 μl of substrate per well. Measured relative light units (RLU) were plotted as a quantification of VSV replication in target cells.
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4

Evaluating PLOD2 Promoter Activity in IL-6 Stimulated Cells

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Ca9-22 cells were cultured in 24-well plates (1×10 cells/well) for 24 h. The following day, cells were co-transfected with the Firefly luciferase reporter plasmid containing a PLOD2 promoter (250 ng) and the control reporter vector expressing Renilla luciferase (pRL-TK, 25 ng; Promega Corporation) as an internal control for normalization of Firefly luciferase activity in comparison with Renilla luciferase activity. Transfections were performed using Lipofectamine® 3000 reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After 16 h of transfection, 0.5 ng/ml recombinant human IL-6 (cat. no. 206-IL-010; R&D Systems, Inc.) was added to the medium, and cells were cultured at 37°C for 24 h. Luciferase activity was measured with the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega Corporation), according to the manufacturer's protocol. The luminescence was detected with a Centro XS3 LB 960 luminometer (Titertek-Berthold).
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5

Transfection and Luciferase Assay in HEK-293F

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HEK-293F cells were grown in suspension and transfected with ExpiFectamine 293 reagent (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Briefly, a total of 75.106 cells were harvested and the pellet was resuspended in 25 mL of Expi293 Expression medium before incubation at 37 °C for 30 min. Twenty-five micrograms of each plasmid were diluted in 1.5 mL of Opti-MEM medium and mixed with ExpiFectamine reagent before incubation at room temperature for 20 min. Finally, the mixed ExpiFectamine/plasmid was added to the cells and further incubated at 37 °C under agitation for 4 days. ExpiFectamine Transfection enhancers were added on day 1 post-transfection. Recombinant proteins were harvested directly from the culture supernatant at day 4 post-transfection. Luciferase activity was quantified onto a Centro XS3 LB 960 luminometer (Berthold Technologies, Thoiry, France) by adding 100 µL of NanoGlo reagent (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) to tenfold dilutions of supernatant.
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6

Evaluating Transcriptional Activity of HNF1A Variants

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Transcriptional activity was evaluated as previously described.47 Briefly, the c.1108G>T p.(V370F) variant was introduced into the human HNF1A WT cDNA isoform A (NM_000545.6), harbouring the variants c.51C>G, L17, and c.79A>C, I27L, in the pcDNA3.1/HisC vector using the QuikChange II XL Site Directed Mutagenesis kit (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). Transcriptional activity was measured on cell lysates from HeLa cells transiently transfected with a rat albumin promoter-linked Firefly Luciferase reporter plasmid (pGL3-RA) along with either variants c.1108G>T p.(V370F), P112L,48 (link) P447L,48 (link) E508K,2 (link),49 (link) or wildtype (WT) HNF1A plasmid. Renilla Luciferase reporter pRL-SV40 was used as an internal control. Luciferase activity was measured 24-h post-transfection using the Dual-Luciferase Assay System (Promega, Madison, WI) on a Centro XS3 LB 960 luminometer (Berthold Technologies, Germany). The same cell lysates were used to measure HNF1A protein abundance by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting (anti-HNF1A from Cell Signaling Technologies, Beverly, MA), normalised against alpha-tubulin-HRP (Abcam, Cambridge, MA). Transcriptional activity and protein expression experiments were performed in triplicate and duplicate respectively, and repeated on three individual days (n = 3).
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7

Transactivation Assay for HNF1A Variants

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HeLa cells were cultured and transiently transfected with wild-type or variant HNF1A cDNA, together with the firefly reporter plasmid and the Renilla reporter (pRLSV40) as an internal control. Luciferase activity was measured 24 h post transfection using the Dual-Luciferase Assay System (Promega) on a Centro XS3 LB 960 luminometer (Berthold Technologies, Germany). Next, the level of HNF1A protein expression in the wild-type and variants was assessed in cell lysates obtained for the transactivation assays. In short, 20 µl of cell lysates was subjected to SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting using antibodies against HNF1A (Cell Signaling, Beverly, MA, USA) and α-tubulin (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), with α-tubulin as a loading control. For the five pathogenic variants, these variants have been comprehensively investigated previously [25 (link), 26 (link), 29 (link), 30 (link)] and thus only the luciferase assay was reinvestigated.
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8

Analyzing Rice Cell Responses to Oligosaccharides

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Rice-suspension cells were used for ROS burst and MAPK assays. The cells were used 3–4 days after subcultivation in a fresh medium. The ROS burst and MAPK assays were described previously33 (link). Briefly, aliquots of 500 mg cells were suspended in 5 ml pre-incubation medium (3% sucrose and 10 mM MES in 5% culture medium, pH 5.8) and incubated under culture conditions for 4–5 h. Before the assay, the medium was replaced with 200 μl fresh medium containing 20 μM L-012 (Wako Chemicals), 10 mg ml−1 horseradish peroxidase (Sigma), and respective elicitors. The luminescence was recorded by a Centro XS3 LB 960 Luminometer (Berthold Technologies). Phospho-MPK3/6 signals were detected by a phosphorylation-specific p38 MAPK antibody (Cell Signaling, 1:5000 dilution). The highly purified oligosaccharides (CTE, CTR, BGTRIA, BGTRIB, BGTETB, BGTETC, LAM3, and XTR) used for ROS burst and MAPK activation assays were obtained from Megazyme (Ireland).
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9

Regulation of IGF1 Promoter by miR130b

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Total cDNA from HEK‐293T cells was used to amplify the promoter region (−674 to −667 bp) of IGF1, forward primer: 5′‐ATCTG TTCCGCGTGGATGAAGGGAGACAGCAGACATCTGAATG‐3′; reverse primer: 5′‐TCACGATGCGGCCGCTCGAGTATTCACAGGCAAAGTAGTCCTTCAAG‐3′. The BamHI and XhoI restriction enzyme sites were used. HEK‐293T cells were seeded in 24‐well plates and co‐transfected with 100 nm of miR130b mimics, 100 ng·mL−1 promoter region (−674 to −667 bp) luciferase reporter construct, and 10 ng·mL−1 luciferase reporter using lipofectamine 2000. Cells were collected 24 h after transfection, using the Passive Lysis Buffer (30 μL per well) provided as part of the Dual‐Luciferase Reporter Assay System Kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). Firefly and Renilla luciferase activities were examined by the Dual‐Luciferase Reporter Assay System and detected by a Centro XS3 LB960 Luminometer (Berthold, Oak Ridge, TN, USA).
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10

Transcriptional Regulation via P50 Overexpression

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HEK-293T cells were transfected with luciferase reporter and P50 overexpressing vector, using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Protein was collected 24 h after transfection, using the Passive Lysis Buffer (30 μL per well) provided as part of the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System kit (Promega). Firefly and Renilla luciferase activities were examined by the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System and detected by a Centro XS3 LB960 Luminometer (Berthold).
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