Standard anthropometric measures of height and weight were recorded to determine body mass index (BMI = weight/height2). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured using an automatic BP monitor (UA‐767; A&D Instruments Ltd, Oxford, UK) to determine mean arterial pressure (MAP = 2/3 DBP + 1/3 SBP). IOP readings were obtained using noncontact tonometry (Pulsair; Keeler Ltd, UK) to determine ocular perfusion pressure (OPP = 2/3 MAP – IOP).
In addition, blood and plasma samples drawn from the antecubital fossa vein were assessed immediately for fasting glucose (GLUC), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐c) using the Reflotron Desktop Analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, UK). Low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐c) values were calculated as per the Friedewald equation (Friedewald et al.