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Bio medicus

Manufactured by Medtronic
Sourced in United States, Ireland

The Bio-Medicus is a blood pump used in medical procedures. It is designed to assist or replace the normal pumping function of the heart during certain medical treatments.

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16 protocols using bio medicus

1

Liver Perfusion and Cannulation

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The portal vein, hepatic artery, and infrahepatic vena cava were cannulated with 24–28 Fr (DLP, Medtronic), 10–12 Fr (Bio-Medicus, Medtronic), and 32–40 Fr cannulas (DLP, Medtronic) respectively (Fig. S1d). The common bile duct was cannulated with an 8–12 Fr cannula (Bio-Medicus, Medtronic). One liter of cold, isotonic, electrolyte-balanced solution (Normosol, ICU Medical) was flushed through the portal vein and hepatic artery to remove preservation solution and prime arterial and venous cannulas. The liver was placed in a sterile isolation bag (Medline) on an organ preservation chamber in preparation for cross-circulation.
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2

ECMO Centrifugal Pump Comparison

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Three types of centrifugal pumps were used for ECMO. Until May 2010, the Capiox Emergency Bypass System® (Terumo, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and Bio-pump® (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, USA) were used at our institution. However, since June 2010, the Centrifugal Rotaflow Pump® (Maquet Inc., Hirrlingen, Germany) has been used for most patients. The cannulae were 17–21-Fr arterial cannulae (DLP®, Biomedicus®; Medtronic Inc., or RMI®; Edward’s Lifesciences LLC, Irvine, CA, USA) and 17–28-Fr venous cannulae (DLP®, Biomedicus®, Medtronic Inc., or RMI®, Edward’s Lifesciences LLC), depending on the patient’s size.
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3

Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

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All operations were carried out using general anesthesia, and lung isolation was accomplished using a Carlens double-lumen endotracheal tube.
In all patients, the surgical approach was through a 5-cm right anterolateral thoracotomy at the level of the third intercostal space. Rib spreading was limited, using a soft tissue retractor. A right femoral perfusion technique was used in all cases. Arterial cannulation was performed with a femoral cannula (Bio-Medicus, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN), and venous cannulation was accomplished with percutaneous cannulation of the femoral vein (Sorin LivaNova, London, United Kingdom) and jugular vein (Bio-Medicus, Medtronic). All cannulas were advanced into place using the Seldinger technique and were guided by transesophageal echocardiography. Two working ports were made for camera insertion (30 degrees, Karl Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany) and for carbon dioxide inflation as well as pump suctioning. A vacuum assist was used to optimize the venous return in all cases. Direct aortic cross-clamp was applied. All patients received normothermic antegrade blood cardioplegia.
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4

Veno-Arterial ECMO Cannulation Procedure

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ECMO consists of a centrifugal pump, membrane oxygenator and heparinization tube (Maquet, PLS7050/2050, Germany or LivaNava, D905, Italy), femoral arteriovenous cannula (Medtronic, Bio-Medicus, United States), and air-oxygen mixer. V-A ECMO was established by percutaneous puncture of the femoral artery (Medtronic, Bio-Medicus, 15–19 Fr cannulation) and femoral vein (19–21 Fr) under the guidance of ultrasound. Femoral arterial and venous conditions were assessed by ultrasound before ECMO cannulation. The diameter of arterial cannulation was <80% of the diameter of blood vessels.
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5

Standardized Cardiac Surgery Protocol

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Every subject received our standard surgical treatment and CPB technique. A total intraoperative dose of 30 mg/kg of tranexamic acid was given to every patient. CPB was established after a loading dose of 300 IU/kg of unfractionated heparin plus additional doses (80 IU/kg) to reach and maintain a target-activated clotting time of 450 s or longer. The target patient temperature was chosen based on the type of surgical procedure and cardioplegia protocol. Ultrafiltration was a standard of care: conventional or modified ultrafiltration was applied, respectively, during and after CPB, according to the surgeon’s preferences. The CPB circuit included a hollow fiber oxygenator (Sorin KIDS D100 or D101, Livanova, Mirandola, Italy), a roller head pump (Sorin S5 HLM, Livanova, Mirandola, Italy) or a centrifugal pump (Bio-Medicus, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA).
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6

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Protocol

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We used Capiox EBS (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan) or PLS (MAQUET, Hirrlingen, Germany) equipment. One femoral vein and 1 femoral artery (VA ECMO) were percutaneously cannulated using the Seldinger technique under fluoroscopic guidance. 17- to 19-Fr (for artery) and 21-Fr (for vein) cannulas were placed (DLP and Bio-Medicus, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN,; RMI, Edward's Life sciences LLC, Irine, CA). Circulation through ECMO system was established with venous blood drainage from the right atrium and arterial blood return to the femoral artery. During ECMO support, mean arterial pressure was maintained at > 60 mm Hg and the target activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was 60 to 80 s; heparin or nafamostat mesilate (SK Chemicals Life Science Biz., Seoul, Korea; licensed by Torii Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan) was used for anticoagulation. The target hematocrit and platelet counts were > 35% and > 50,000 to 80,000/mm3, respectively. Patients received antithrombin III when the initial antithrombin III level was < 70%, with a loading dose of 2,000 IU followed by a maintenance dose of 500 IU every 6 hours for 3 days. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was commenced if a patient exhibited progressive oliguria (i.e., urine output < 0.5 cc/kg/h for > 6 hours).
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7

Centrifugal Pumps for ECMO Delivery

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Three types of centrifugal pumps were used to deliver the ECMO: Capiox Emergency Bypass System® (Terumo, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and Bio-pump® (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) were used from 2006 to May 2010; from June 2010 onward, a Centrifugal Rotaflow pump® (Maquet Inc., Hirrlingen, Germany) was used in most patients. Depending on patient size, we used 17–21 Fr arterial cannulae (DLP®, Bio-Medicus, Medtronic Inc.; or RMI®, Edwards Lifesciences LLC, Irvine, CA, USA) and 17–28 Fr venous cannulae (DLP®, Bio-Medicus, Medtronic Inc.; or RMI®, Edwards Lifesciences LLC).
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8

Venoarterial ECMO in Pediatric Respiratory Failure

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All patients receiving ECMO support were managed by our ECMO team. We chose the mode of ECMO support in pediatric respiratory failure according to the patient's hemodynamic status and weight. We have to choose V-A ECMO in infants and low-weight toddlers with respiratory failure purely for a lack of double-lumen venovenous (V-V) cannulas in China. Venoarterial ECMO was surgically implanted using heparin-coated cannulation (Bio-Medicus, Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) via the right internal jugular vein and the right common carotid artery. The centrifugal pump (Deltastream DP3, Medos, Stolberg, Germany) and membrane oxygenator (Hilite 800 LT, Hilite 2400 LT, or Hilite 7000 LT, Medos, Stolberg, Germany) were used. ECMO-related parameters and hemodynamic parameters were recorded every 2 h during ECMO support.
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9

ECMO Circuit Establishment and Priming

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All patients received an ECMO circuit from the manufacturer Getinge® (Rastatt, Germany). The circuit consists of a preassembled, standard tubing set (BE-PLS 2050, Getinge®) that includes the Rotaflow RF-32 centrifugal pump (Getinge®, Rastatt, Germany), QUADROX® oxygenator (Getinge®, Rastatt, Germany), and standard tubing. The system is operated via the Rotaflow console (Getinge®, Rastatt, Germany) mounted at the Rotaflow Sprinter Unit with heater unit HU 35 (Getinge®, Rastatt, Germany) and manual blender. The circuit will be established via the complete lower body cannulation of femoral vessels using sheath sizes 17–21 Fr (arterial) and 19–25 Fr (venous). Cannulas used are: Bio-Medicus® (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) or HLS cannulae set with BIOLINE COATING® (Getinge®, Rastatt, Germany). All patients receive an antegrade limp perfusion via an additional 7 Fr bypass canula (CruraSave® Femoral—Perfusion Set, free life medical GmbH®, Aachen, Germany). The circuit priming process typically takes approximately 20–25 min and is accomplished by one perfusionist. The approximate cost for all disposable materials for one circuit is estimated to be between 2500 and 3000 EUR.
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10

Peripheral Cannulation Technique in Cardiac Surgery

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In all MS and HS cases, conventional central cannulation techniques were used. Both nonselective and selective antegrade cardioplegia were used. Left ventricle was vented using a right superior pulmonary vein vent. Cross clamping was achieved using a variety of standard cross clamps. In ART cases, peripheral cannulation using the femoral artery and vein was utilized. The side of cannulation was determined according to the preoperative CT scan and intra-operative ultrasound. Femoral cannulation was performed with a cut down using Seldinger technique under TOE guidance. Both body surface area (BSA) and arterial diameter were used to determine the size of Biomedicus, Medtronic cannula selected (size ranges between 19 and 23 French). A multistage venous cannula (Medtronic Bio-medicus) was used for venous cannulation. A non-selective aortic root cardioplegia cannula was inserted and a right superior pulmonary vein vent into the left ventricle. A Chitwood clamp inserted thorough the right second intercostal space at the anterior axillary line was used to cross clamp the aorta.
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