Insuli n i9278

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Insulin (I9278) is a lab equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a naturally occurring hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels. The core function of Insulin (I9278) is to facilitate the uptake and utilization of glucose by cells in the body.

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Lab products found in correlation

Anti β actin a300 491a antibody, by Fortis Life Sciences (2 mentions) Bodipy 493 503 d3922, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Mitosox red mitochondrial superoxide indicator m36008, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Penicillin and streptomycin, by Avantor (1 mentions) Penicillin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Hydrocortisone h4001, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dmem f 12 glutamax, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Facsaria 2, by BD (1 mentions) Amp colorimetric assay kit, by Abcam (1 mentions) Phospho eif2a, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions) T jnk, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)

4 protocols using insuli n i9278

Entinostat Biomarker Evaluation Protocol

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Entinostat (MS-275) was purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, United States). Other chemicals, including bovine serum albumin (BSA; 2207008), PA (P5585), and insuli n (I9278) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Burlington, MA, United States). 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-amino)-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG; N13195), 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7,8-pentamethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY™ 493/503; D3922), and MitoSOX Red mitochondrial superoxide indicator (M36008) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, United States). Anti-histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) (34589), anti-HDAC2 (57156), anti-HDAC3 (85057), anti-phospho-AKT (9271), anti-AKT (9272), anti-phospho-GSK3 α/β (9331), anti-GSK3β (9315), anti-phospho-JNK (9251), anti-JNK (9252), anti-phospho-NF-kB (3033), and anti-NF-kB (3034) antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, United States). Anti-β-actin (A300-491A) antibody was purchased from Bethyl Laboratories (Montgomery, TX, United States). Anti-α-tubulin (sc-5286) antibody was purchased from Santa Cruz biotechnology (Dallas, TX, United States).

Lee S.J., Choi S.E., Lee H.B., Song M.W., Kim Y.H., Jeong J.Y., Kang Y., Kim H.J., Kim T.H., Jeon J.Y, & Lee K.W. (2020). A Class I Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Attenuates Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Palmitate-Treated C2C12 Myotubes and Muscle of HF/HFr Diet Mice. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11, 601448.

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SUM159 Cell Culture and Stable Transfection

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Human-derived, mostly diploid SUM159 cells were grown in DMEM/F-12/GlutaMAX (10565-042; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS; S11150; Atlanta Biologicals, Flowery Branch, GA), 100 U/ml penicillin and streptomycin (45000-652; VWR International, Radnor, PA), 1 μg/ml hydrocortisone (H4001; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), 5 μg/ml insulin (I9278; Sigma-Aldrich), and 10 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES; 25-060-CI; Mediatech, Manassas, VA), pH 7.4. The BSC1 monkey kidney epithelial cells stably expressing eGFP-CAAX (Boucrot and Kirchhausen, 2007 (link)) together with H2B-mCherry were generated by transfection with a plasmid encoding H2B-mCherry. Cells simultaneously expressing eGFP-CAAX and H2B-mCherry were selected for 7 d using 50 μg/ml puromycin, followed by cell sorting with FACSAria II (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA). Cells were grown in DMEM (10569-044; Life Technologies) supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and streptomycin, and, when required, 50 μg /ml puromycin.

Aguet F., Upadhyayula S., Gaudin R., Chou Y.Y., Cocucci E., He K., Chen B.C., Mosaliganti K., Pasham M., Skillern W., Legant W.R., Liu T.L., Findlay G., Marino E., Danuser G., Megason S., Betzig E, & Kirchhausen T. (2016). Membrane dynamics of dividing cells imaged by lattice light-sheet microscopy. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 27(22), 3418-3435.

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Empagliflozin and Compound C Protocol

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Empagliflozin (EMPA, Cat: HY-108682) and Compound C (Dorsomorphin; Cat HY-13418A) were purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, United States). Other chemicals, including bovine serum albumin (BSA; 2207008), PA (P5585), and insulin (I9278) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Burlington, MA, United States). 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG; N13195) was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, United States). Cell Death Detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA^plus) kit was purchased from Roche Applied Science (Roche Applied Science, Mannheim, Germany). AMP colorimetric assay kit was purchased from Biovision (Cat; K229, Milpitas, CA, United States). Antibodies targeting phospho-AKT (#9271), T-AKT (#9272), phospho-GSK3 α/β (#9331), T-GSK3β (#9315), phospho-JNK (#9251), T-JNK (#9252), phospho-eIF2A (#9721), T-eIF2A (#9722), CHOP (#2895), phospho-NF-κB p65 (#3033), NF-κB p65 (#3034), phospho-p38 (#9211), cleaved caspase-3(#9661), phospho-AMP (#2531), and T-AMP (#2532) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, United States). Anti-β-actin (A300-491A) antibody was purchased from Bethyl Laboratories (Montgomery, TX, United States).

Song M.W., Cui W., Lee C.G., Cui R., Son Y.H., Kim Y.H., Kim Y., Kim H.J., Choi S.E., Kang Y., Kim T.H., Jeon J.Y, & Lee K.W. (2023). Protective effect of empagliflozin against palmitate-induced lipotoxicity through AMPK in H9c2 cells. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1228646.

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Metabolic Intervention in Dio Mice

Cited 1 time

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Fourteen-week-old Dio mice, which had already been given a high fat diet (D12492) for 8 weeks, were purchased from JAX Lab (stock #000664). After quarantine, the mice were divided into three groups. Each group had 8 mice. For 2 weeks, 10 µg/kg body weight/day of HDAC3 inhibitor was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Control groups were given PBS with 0.1% DMSO (solvent). Pioglitazone was applied in the diet at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight/day. ITT was conducted by intraperitoneal injection of insulin (I9278, Sigma) at 0.75 unit/kg of body weight in mice after a 4-h fast, as described elsewhere (Gao et al. 2009 (link)). Blood glucose was monitored in the tail vein blood using the FreeStyle blood glucose monitoring system (TheraSense, Phoenix, AZ).

Jiang X., Ye X., Guo W., Lu H, & Gao Z. (2014). Inhibition of HDAC3 promotes ligand-independent PPARγ activation by protein acetylation. Journal of molecular endocrinology, 53(2), 191-200.

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