Nanodrop nd 1000 ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer

All strains showing positive phenotypes in the ESBL screening test by DDST were evaluated by PCR to check for the presence of β‐lactamase‐encoding genes CTX‐M, OXA, SHV, and TEM (Dierikx et al., 2012 ; Kebede et al., 2022 (link)). Genomic DNA was extracted from the positive strains using Bacterial Genomic DNA Purification Kits (Dongsheng Biotech), according to the manufacturer's instructions. The concentration of genomic DNA was measured based on the absorbance at 260 nm using a NanoDrop® ND‐1000 Ultraviolet–visible Spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Nematodes were supplemented with EPA and infected with C.albicans as described above. Following this, nematodes were washed by centrifugation at 4000g for 2 min, the supernatant gently aspirated and 2 ml RNAlater (Invitrogen) added to each sample to combat degradation of RNA. Samples were frozen at − 80 °C until RNA extraction. Samples were thawed on ice, centrifuged at 4000g for 2 min to collect cells and RNAlater was aspirated. The nematode pellet was resuspended in 600 µl of lysis buffer (Zymo Research), supplemented with 1 volume of glass beads (diameter 0.5 mm) and mechanically homogenised twice for 15 min using a Disruptor Genie Analog Cell Disruptor. Total RNA was extracted from samples using Quick-RNA MiniPrep kit (Zymo Research), including removal of the genomic DNA by DNase digestion, according to manufacturer’s instructions. The RNA samples were evaluated using the Thermo Scientific NanoDrop ND-1000 Ultraviolet Visible Spectrophotometer to determine total RNA concentration in each sample.